تحلیلی برسلامت شهروندان با رویکرد اجتماع محور در مساکن شهری کلان شهر شیراز

برنامه ریزی و توسعه محیط شهری

مقاله 4، دوره 3، شماره 9، اردیبهشت 1402، صفحه 53-68   

نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.30495/juepd.2022.1959175.1076

نویسندگان

مریم حقایق¹؛ هادی کشمیری^{* 1}؛ خسرو موحد²؛ ملیحه تقی پور¹

¹گروه معماری، واحد شیراز، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، شیراز، ایران

²دانشیار بخش معماری و شهر پایدار، دانشگاه UDC شهر واشینگتن، ایالات متحده آمریکا.

چکیده

 توسعه شهرنشینی و به تبع آن توسعه کالبدی شهرها، مسائلی را در فضای شهری به وجود آورده که نه تنها ساکنین آن، بلکه تداوم حیات شهری را مورد تهدید قرار میدهد. توسعه پایدار شهری از جمله مهم ترین مباحث روز جوامع شهری در خصوص راهکار مسائل کنونی و آینده شهرها بوده و در سطوح مختلفی از معماری بافت ها و محلات گرفته تا توسعه پایدار کلان شهرها و توسعه پایدار جهانی مطرح میشود. در واقع شهر پایدار فضایی است که اکثریت قریب به اتفاق ساکنانش، از سکونت در شهر، احساس رضایت داشته باشند. مقوله مسکن به عنوان یکی از شاخصهای مهم توسعه پایدار شهری، در صورت ناسالم بودن، سلامت و کیفیت زندگی طیف وسیعی از افراد جامعه و به تبع آن سلامت شهر را به مخاطره می اندازد. هدف از پژوهش حاضر بررسی ابعاد سلامت در مسکن، استخراج مؤلفه های کالبدی و جایگاه آنها در سیاستگذاری های معماری و شهری میباشد. روش پژوهش، توصیفی- تحلیلی بوده و با کمک پرسشنامه با 20 گویه در سه حوزه سلامت جسمی، روانی و اجتماعی، اطلاعات جمع آوری و با استفاده از نرم افزار SPSS جهت تحلیل داده­ها و آزمون فرضیه ها، بهره گرفته شده است. نتایج بدست آمده به صحّت فرضیه ها دلالت داشت. نتایج حاصله، مبین آن است که از میان شاخصهای سلامت در مسکن، شاخص امنیت در هر سه حوزه سلامت، در اولویت ترجیحات ساکنان قرار دارد، همچنین، افراد به بعد"سلامت روانی" نسبت به دو بعد دیگر سلامت، توجه بیشتری داشته و به نظر میرسد این بعد از سلامت، در اولویت اول نیاز های آنان قرار دارد. از میان شاخصهای استخراج شده، مؤلفه های امنیت، چشم انداز، نور، آلودگی صوتی، نوری و بصری، فضای باز، اقلیم، بهداشت و فضای سبز علاوه بر لحاظ آنها در سیاستگذاری های محیط معماری، شدت و ضعف آنها در طراحی مسکن و مقوله سلامت، رابطه مستقیم با سیاستگذاری های محیط شهری دارد. نتایج حاصل از این پژوهش و آگاهی از شاخصهای سلامت در حیطه عمل معماران، طراحان و برنامه ریزان شهری به منظور سیاستگذاری های محیط معماری و شهری، موجب ارتقا کیفیت زندگی، سلامت اجتماعی یک جامعه به عنوان سرمایه اجتماعی و در نهایت توسعه پایدار شهر میگردد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

مسکن آپارتمانی؛ سلامت فیزیولوژی؛ سلامت روانی؛ سلامت اجتماعی؛ توسعه پایدار شهری

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