Mineral Profiling of Various Pine Nut Species Cultivated in Egypt

Journal of Nuts

دوره 14، شماره 4، اسفند 2023، صفحه 239-250   

نوع مقاله: Original Article

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22034/jon.2023.1978790.1209

نویسندگان

Samah Sajad Kadim¹؛ Muataz Mohammed Al-Taee²؛ Hamza Radhi³؛ Ammar Dham⁴؛ Ashwaq Talib Kareem⁵؛ Hussam Abdullah Abbas^{* 6}؛ Majeed M. Abid⁷

¹Medical Laboratories Techniques Department, Al-Mustaqbal University College, Babylon, Iraq

²Department of Medical Laboratories Technology, AL-Nisour University College, Baghdad, Iraq

³College of MLT, University of Ahl Al Bayt, Kerbala, Iraq

⁴College of education, Medical Lab techniques, Al-Farahidi University, Iraq

⁵National University of Science and Technology, Dhi Qar, Iraq

⁶Department of Dentistry, AlNoor University College, Iraq

⁷Al-Hadi University College, Baghdad, 10011, Iraq

چکیده

Pines are a family of coniferous seed plants with over 100 species, variations, and hybrids. The seeds found in pine cones are known as pine nuts, and a typical cone can carry between 50 and 100 seeds, depending on the year and the species of the pine tree. Each seed has a hard outer shell that encases the kernel. Pine seeds that are large enough to harvest are produced by about 20 species of pine trees. The pine nut is one of the most valuable nuts in the world, and the stone pine is among the oldest fruit trees, as evidenced by archaeological finds dating back to pre-Christian times. Pine nuts, as part of the Mediterranean diet, help lower the risk of several types of cancers, type 2 diabetes, and cardiovascular disease. Pine nuts are in high demand due to their high culinary and nutritional value. In this study, Inductively Coupled Plasma-Optical Emission Spectroscopy (ICP-OES) was used to analyze the minerals of Pinus species growing in various parts of Egypt, including Torrey pine, Italian stone pine, Johann's pine, Coulter pine, Mexican pinyon, Swiss stone pine, and Armand pine. These pines were found to have different minerals, except for Coulter pine, which had no Al or Na. Pine nuts cultivated in Egypt are a rich source of Zn, P, Mn, Mg, and Cu, matching or exceeding the recommended daily intake (RDI) for such minerals while providing between 38% and 84% of the RDI for Fe. In comparison to other types of tree nuts that are usually eaten, pine nuts that are cultivated in Egypt provide a superb supply of nutrients.

کلیدواژه‌ها

Dietary minerals؛ Mineral content؛ Nut industry؛ Pinus species

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