The Effect of Cold and Acid Scarification on Seed Germination of Three Green Space Tree Species

Journal of Ornamental Plants

مقاله 2، دوره 13، شماره 2، شهریور 2023، صفحه 85-97   

نوع مقاله: Research Paper

نویسندگان

Bahareh Deltalab¹؛ Nayyere Naziri Moghaddam²؛ Mojtaba Khorrami Raad³؛ Behzad Kaviani^{* 2}

¹Ph.D. Student of Agroecology, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran

²Department of Horticultural Science, Rasht Branch, Islamic Azad University, Rasht, Iran

³School of Ecosystem and Forest Sciences, Faculty of Science, The University of Melbourne, Creswick, Australia

چکیده

Seed germination of some woody species is done with difficulty and at a low rate due to various reasons, including physiological and mechanical dormancy and the presence of inhibitory substances in the seed tissues. Priming is one of the most important treatments to increase the germination capacity of seeds. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of different treatments of stratification and sulfuric acid on the growth and germination percentage of Robinia pseudoacacia, Ailanthus altissima and Fraxinus excelsior seeds. This research was done as factorial in the randomized completely block design with two factors; plant and stratification in four replications. The results showed that the highest percentage of germination (72%) was obtained in the 50% sulfuric acid treatment on R. pseudoacacia, seeds and the lowest one (18 and 12%) in the control and 95% sulfuric acid treatments on F. excelsior seeds, respectively. The overall results of this research showed that the best stratification treatment for most of the measured traits was 50% sulfuric acid and 3°C cold for 20 days.

کلیدواژه‌ها

Forest trees؛ Plant stablishment؛ Priming؛ Scarification؛ Seed dormancy

مراجع

Aboutalebi, A., Hasanzada, H. and Hosseini Farahi, M. 2012. Effect of various treatments on seed germination characteristics of wild ziziphus (Ziziphus spina-christi). World Applied Science Journal, 17 (7): 900–904.

Akbari Mousavi, Z. and Saadat, Y.A. 2006. Breaking dormancy and germination of wild pear (Pyrus spp.) seeds. Iranian Journal of Rangelands and Forests Plant Breeding and Genetic Research, 14 (2): 92–104. (In Persian)

Amiri, J. and Rahemi, M. 2006. Evaluation of differences of gibberellic acid-like materials during cold stratification in olive seed. Science and Technology of Agriculture and Natural Resources, 10 (3): 311–319.

Arji, I., Rostami Dasgerdee, M. and Gerdekaneh, M. 2020. Comparison of acid scarification, cold stratification on seed germination of three olive cultivars. Iranian Journal of Seed Science and Technology, 9 (2): 119–132. (In Persian)

Contu, S. 2012. Robinia pseudoacacia. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. e.T19891648A20138922.doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2012.RLTS.T19891648A20138922.en.Retrieved 19 November 2021.

Ebrahimi, A., Alaghehmandan, H., Khazaeli, Sh., Shahsavari, A. and Salehi, A. 2008. The first complete reference for organic fertilizer production quality management. Isfahan: Publications of the Danesh Pazhouhane-e-Berin Institute. p. 154. (In Persian)

Eda, K. and Hori, K. 2007. Geographical differentiation and diallel analysis of seed dormancy in barley. Euphytica, 153: 249–256. 

Esvand, H.R. and Nasiri, M. 2001. Investigation of the effect of sulfuric acid on dormancy breaking and germination of Fraxinus excelsior and Ailanthus altissima seeds. Genetic Research, Improvement of Pasture and Forest Plants of Iran, 8: 95–111. (In Persian)

Everitt, J. H. 1983. Seed germination characteristics of two woody legumes (retama and twisted Acacia) from south Texas. Journal of Range Management, 36 (4): 411–414.

Ghassemi-Golezani, K., Chadordooz-Jeddi, A., Nasrollahzadeh, S.M. and Moghaddam, M. 2010. Effects of hydro-priming duration on seedling vigour and grain yield of pinto bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) cultivars. Notulae Botanicae Horticulture Agrofarebotanici Cluj-Napoca, 38: 109–113. (In Persian)

Heidari, M., Rahemi, M. and Daneshvar, M.H. 2008. Effect of mechanical, chemical scarification and stratification on seed germination of Prunus scoparia (Spach.) and Prunus webbi (Spach.) Vierh. American-Eurasian Journal of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, 3: 114–117.

Hosseini, A., Tehranifar, A., Samiei, L., Shoor, M. and Memariani, F. 2016. Investigation of the effect of different treatments on seed dormancy of Allium kuhsorkhense native to Khorasan. Seed Research Journal, 5 (2): 1–10. (In Persian)

Imani, A. 2011. Reproduction and recognition of fruit trees. Publication of Islamic Azad University, Abhar Branch.

Kaviani, B. and Sedaghathoor, Sh. 2020. Effect of osmopriming, hydropriming treatments and salt stress on seed germination and some morphologic and physiologic characteristics of Calendula officinalis L. Journal of Seed Researches, 10 (1): 61–71.

Kouchekey, A. and Sadrabadi Haghighi, R. 2000. Evaluation of seed vigour of four alfalfa cultivars by accelerated aging and conductivity test. Biaban, 5: 25–44. (In Persian)

Lee, S.S. and Kim, S. 2000. Total sugars, α-amylase activity, and germination after priming of normal and aged rice seeds. Korean Journal of Crop Science, 45: 108–111.

Mahmoodi, A., Bijanzadeh, E. and Shekari, M.R. 2013. Different seed dormancy breaking methods on germination of forest plants Prspopis juliflora and Acacia victoriae. Desert Ecosystem Engineering Journal, 3 (4): 35–42. (In Persian)

Mirzajani Fathkouhi, R., Eslami, A. and Kaviani, B. 2022. Effect of harvest time, cold stratification and sulfuric acid on seed germination of three varieties of olive (Olea europaea L.). Journal of Plant Production, 29 (2): 241–263.

Muhmmad, S. and Amusa, A. 2003. Effects of sulphuric and hot wate treatments on seed germination tamarind (Tamarinus indica L.). African Journal of Biotechnology, 2(9): 276–279.

Nejadsahebi, M., Khaleghi, E. and Moallemi, N. 2007. The effects of different acid and hot water scarification treatments on the germination parameters of the forest torch and floss seeds. Journal of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, 4 (1): 100–109. (In Persian)

Norouzi Haroni, N. and Tabari Kouchaksaraei, M. 2014. The effect of hydropriming, halopriming and boiling water on seed germination of black locust (Robinia pesudoacasia L.). Ecology of Iranian Forest, 2 (3): 76–88. (In Persian)

Rehman, S., Loescher, R.N. and Harris, P.J.C. 1999. Dormancy breaking and germination of Acacia saliciina seeds. Seed Sciences and Technology, 27: 553–557.

Rezvani, H., Asghari, J. and Ehteshami, S. 2012. Investigation of prechilling and scarification (chemical and physical) treatments in break of wild mustard (Sinapis arvensis) seed dormancy. Iranian Journal of Seed Science and Technology, 2 (2): 147–159. (In Persian)

Rostami, A.A. and Shahsavar, A. 2009. Effects of seed scarification on seed germination and early growth of olive seedlings. Journal of Biological Science, 9: 825–828.

Rostami Dastjerdi, M., Arji, I. and Gerdkaneh, M. 2014. Comparison of scarification with acid, stratification and elimination of endocarp on germination of three olive varieties. 2^th International Congress on Sustainable Agriculture and Natural Sciences, Tehran, Iran, 13 p. (In Persian)

Sadeghi, B. and Aboutalebi, A. 2011. Comparison of the effect of chemical treatments, complete endocarp removal and cold stratification on olive seed germination. The 5^th Natural Conference on New Ideas in Agriculture, Shiraz, Iran. (In Persian)

Sadrabadi Haghighi, R. 2014. Effects of accelerated aging and scarification of seed coat with hydrochloric acid on seed germination characteristics of chickpea c.v. Kaka. Journal of Crop Ecophysiology, 28: 485–498. (In Persian)

Sedghi, M., Nemati, A., Amanpour-Balneji, B. and Gholpori, A. 2010. Influence of different priming materials on germination and seedling establishment of milk thistle (Silybum marianum) under salinity stress. World Applied Science Journal, 11 (5): 604–609.

Shahi Gharahlar, A., Zamani, Z. and Khdivi Khub, A. 2009. Effects of sulfuric acid and moist chilling on dormancy breaking of some subgenus Cerasus wild genotyps. Proceeding of 6th Iranian Horticultural Science Congress, Faculty of Agricultural Science, Gilan University. (In Persian)

Shahmoradi, Sh., Chaeichi, M., Mozaffari, J., Mazaheri, V. and Sharifzadeh, F. 2014. Breaking seed dormancy in Hordeum spontaneum L. plant. Plant Research Journal, 27 (5): 872–884. (In Persian)

Sladonja, B., Marta, S. and Julia, G. 2015. Review on invasive tree of heaven (Ailanthus altissima (Mill.) Swingle) conflicting values: Assessment of its ecosystem services and potential biological threat. Environmental Management, 56 (4): 1009–1034.

Tadoos, M., Samarah, N. and Alqudah, A.M. 2012. Effect of different pre-sowing seed treatments on the germination of Leucaena leucocephala (Lam.) and Acacia farnesiana (L.). New Forests, 42 (3): 397–407.

Thomas, P.A. 2016. Biological flora of the British Isles: Fraxinus excelsior. Journal of Ecology, 104 (4): 1158–1209.

Yari, A., Akbari, M. and Nazeri, R. 2011. The effect of different chemical and physical treatments on the germination of Robinia pseudoacacia seeds. Journal of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, 4 (4): 15–30. (In Persian)