اثر تعدیل کننده‌های تنش بر غلظت عناصر برگ و دانه و صفات بیوشیمیایی کینوا (Chenopodium quinoa Willd) درشرایط تنش کم آبی

اکوفیزیولوژی گیاهان زراعی

دوره 17، 2(66) تابستان، خرداد 1402، صفحه 129-146   

نوع مقاله: علمی پژوهشی

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.30495/JCEP.2023.1932890.1808

نویسندگان

سیده نسرین حسینی¹؛ جلال جلیلیان²؛ اسماعیل قلی نژاد^{* 3}

¹گروه مهندسی تولید و ژنتیک گیاهی، دانشگاه ارومیه، ارومیه،‌ ایران

²استاد گروه مهندسی تولید و ژنتیک گیاهی، دانشگاه ارومیه، ارومیه،‌ ایران

³دانشیار گروه علمی علوم کشاورزی، دانشگاه پیام نور،تهران،‌ ایران

چکیده

به ­منظور بررسی اثر تنش کم آبی و مصرف تعدیل کننده‌های تنش بر میزان عناصر برگ و دانه و برخی صفات بیوشیمیایی کینوا، آزمایشی به­ صورت فاکتوریل بر پایه طرح کاملاً تصادفی و گلدانی اجرا گردید. فاکتورهای آزمایش شامل تنش کم آبی در چهار سطح (تنش در مرحله رشد رویشی پس از استقرار گیاهی تا شروع گلدهی؛ تنش در مرحله رشد زایشی از ابتدای گلدهی تا انتهای گلدهی؛ تنش در مرحله پرشدن دانه از شروع پر شدن تا رسیدگی دانه؛ بدون تنش یا آبیاری کامل) و محلول ­پاشی در چهار سطح (اسید آسکوربیک با غلظت 2 میلی­ مولار؛ اسید سالیسیلیک با غلظت 2 میلی مولار؛ کود کلاته میکرو کامل نانو 2 لیتر در هزار لیتر؛ شاهد یا آب­ پاشی) بودند. نتایج نشان داد که تنش کم آبی اثر معنی­ داری بر میزان عناصر برگ و دانه و صفات بیوشیمیایی کینوا داشت .تنش کم آبی در مراحل مختلف رشدی سبب کاهش کلروفیل a و b، کاروتنوئیدها و قندهای محلول نسبت به شاهد شد، اما محتوای پرولین افزایش یافت. تنش کم آبی در مرحله رشد رویشی، مرحله رشد زایشی و در مرحله پر شدن دانه در مقایسه با شاهد به ­ترتیب محتوای پرولین را به میزان 15، 28 و 31 درصد افزایش داد. از سوی دیگر، تنش کم آبی در مرحله رشد رویشی، رشد زایشی و مرحله پر شدن دانه در مقایسه با شاهد میزان وزن دانه را به­ ترتیب 4، 20 و 20 درصد کاهش داد. کاربرد ترکیبات به کار رفته از طریق افزایش تجمع پرولین و محتوای رنگیزه­ های فتوسنتزی، باعث افزایش وزن دانه کینوا گردید. محلول­ پاشی با اسید آسکوربیک، کود کامل میکرو نانو و اسید سالیسیلیک در مقایسه با شاهد به­ ترتیب محتوای کلروفیل a را به ­میزان 2، 13 و 5 درصد افزایش داد. به نظر می­ رسد محلول­ پاشی با اسید سالیسیلیک در مقایسه با سایر تعدیل کننده ­ها، در مراحل مختلف اعمال تنش کم ­آبی، تاثیر مثبت بیشتری داشت.

کلیدواژه‌ها

اسید آسکوربیک؛ اسید سالیسیلیک؛ تنش خشکی؛ کود نانو و محلول‌پاشی

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