بررسی اثر نانو سلنیوم بر جوانه زنی بذر گوجه گیلاسی(Solanum lycopersicum L. var.cerasiforme) در شرایط آبیاری و تنش آبی

فصلنامه گیاه و زیست فناوری ایران

دوره 18، شماره 1، تیر 1402، صفحه 59-75   

نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

مریم نیسانیان^{* 1}؛ علیرضا ایرانبخش²؛ رحیم احمدوند³؛ زهرا اوراقی اردبیلی⁴؛ مصطفی عبادی⁵

¹دکتری، گروه زیست‌شناسی، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران

²استاد، گروه زیست‌شناسی، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران

³استادیار، مؤسسه تحقیقات اصلاح و تهیه نهال و بذر سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، کرج، ایران

⁴دانشیار، گروه زیست‌شناسی، واحد گرمسار، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، گرمسار، ایران

⁵استادیار، گروه زیست شناسی، واحد دامغان، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، دامغان، ایران

چکیده

سلنیوم عنصری سودمند با خواص آنتی اکسیدانی که سبب افزایش رشد و بردباری گیاهان در شرایط تنش های محیطی می‏شود. این تحقیق جهت بررسی اثر نانو ذره سلنیوم بر برخی خصوصیات جوانه زنی گیاه گوجه گیلاسی(Solanum lycopersicum L. var.cerasiforme) تحت شرایط آبیاری نرمال و تنش آبی بصورت طرح کاملاً تصادفی با اعمال 4 سطح تیمار شامل (صفر، 2، 4 و 10 میلی گرم بر لیتر) سلنیوم و اثرمتقابل سلنیوم بر خشکی (PEG 4%) با 3 بار تکرار انجام شد. برای این منظور پس از ضد عفونی کردن بذرها در پلیت های حاوی کاغذ صافی قرار داده شدند و سلنیوم محلول با غلظت های مشخص (سلنات سدیم به عنوان شاهد بالک و نانوسلنیوم) به محیط رشد بذرها، هر سه روزاضافه شد. 2 روز پس از گذشت دومین تیمار سلنیوم، تنش آبی بوسیله پلی اتیلن گلیکول 4 درصد اعمال شد. صفات مورد ارزیابی شامل درصد و سرعت جوانه‏زنی، طول ریشه‏چه و ساقه‏چه، وزن تر و خشک دانه رست بود. نتایج نشان داد که بیشترین میزان طول ساقه‏چه، دانه‏رست و وزن تر در تیمارهای 4 میلی گرم بر لیتر سلنیوم (سلنات سدیم و نانو سلنیوم) در شرایط آبیاری نرمال و تنش آبی و کمترین میزان طول ساقه چه، ریشه چه، دانه رست، وزن تر، درصد و سرعت جوانه زنی در غلظت بالای سلنیوم (10 میلی گرم بر لیتر) در مقایسه با شاهد در شرایط آبیاری نرمال و تنش آبی مشاهده شد. بطورکلی تیمار 4 میلی‌گرم بر لیتر سلنیوم سبب افزایش تحمل گیاه به تنش خشکی و رشد گیاهچه گردید.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها

تنش خشکی؛ درصد جوانه زنی؛ طول دانه رست؛ نانوسلنیوم

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