مروری بر پتانسیل غذایی و دارویی فیکوبیلی‌پروتئین‌های مستخرج از سیانوباکتری‌ها

بهداشت مواد غذایی

دوره 13، 2 (50) تابستان، تیر 1402، صفحه 61-83   

نوع مقاله: مقاله مروری

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.30495/jfh.2023.1984318.1397

نویسندگان

بهاره نوروزی^{* 1}؛ یاسمن گورانی²

¹گروه بیوتکنولوژی، دانشکده علوم و فناوری‌های همگرا، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران

²دانشجوی میکروبیولوژی صنعتی، دانشکده علوم و فناوری‌های همگرا، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران

چکیده

فیکوبیلی‌پروتئین‌ها (Phycobiliproteins  -PBPs)، بیلی‌پروتئین‌های رنگی و محلول در آب هستند که در سیانوباکتری‌ها و رودوفیت‌ها، یافت می‌شوند و براساس خصوصیات طیفی، به سه نوع آلوفیکوسیانین‌ها، فیکوسیانین و فیکواریترین تقسیم‌بندی می‌شوند. PBPs، جدا از عملکرد مخصوص خود به‌عنوان آنتن‌های دریافت‌کننده نور خورشید در فرایند فتوسنتز، می‌توانند به‌عنوان رنگ‌های مواد غذایی، مواد مغذی، مواد آرایشی، صنایع دارویی و پروب‌های فلورسنت در آنالیزهای ایمونوفلورسانس به‌کار گرفته شوند. ازآنجایی‌که PBPs دارای اثرات آنتی‌اکسیدانی، ضد توموری، همچنین خاصیت‌های ضدالتهابی و ضد دیابتی بالقوه هستند، در این مقاله مروری سعی گردید تا خصوصیات و پتانسیل غذایی و دارویی PBPs به‌همراه ویژگی‌های ساختاری آن‌ها موردبررسی قرار گیرد. نتایج حاصل از بررسی مقالات اخیر نشان داد که بخش پروتئینی PBPs در برابر استرس‌های محیطی بسیار حساس است و همین موضوع کاربرد آن‌ها را در صنایع غذایی محدود می‌سازد. لذا لزوم کاربرد مواد محافظت‌کننده و پوشش دارسازی برای حفظ رنگ و جلوگیری از دناتوره شدن ساختار پروتئینی ضروری است که نه‌تنها باعث افزایش خواص آنتی‌اکسیدانی می‌شود، بلکه نیمه‌عمر ماده غذایی را نیز افزایش می‌دهد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

فیکوبیلی‌پروتئین‌ها؛ فیکوسیانین؛ پتانسیل دارویی؛ رنگ‌دانه‌های خوراکی

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