ارزیابی اثر باکتری های محرک رشد بر عملکرد و کارایی مصرف آب گندم تحت تاثیرمیزان و روش آبیاری

مجله علمی- پژوهشی اکوفیزیولوژی گیاهی

دوره 14، شماره 2 - شماره پیاپی 49، مرداد 1401، صفحه 16-33   

نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

اشکان رستمیان¹؛ پیام معاونی^{* 1}؛ مهدی صادقی شعاع²؛ حمید مظفری¹؛ فائزه رجب زاده¹

¹گروه زراعت، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد شهر قدس، تهران، ایران

²موسسه تحقیقات اصلاح و تهیه بذر چغندرقند، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، کرج، ایران

چکیده

این تحقیق واکنش گندم در برابر تنش‌های مختلف رطوبتی و روش‌های مختلف آبیاری و همچنین عکس‌العمل به باکتری‌های محرک رشد از لحاظ صفات مختلف مربوط به عملکرد و کارایی مصرف آب را طی دو سال زراعی مورد ارزیابی قرار داد. فاکتورهای آزمایش شامل رژیم آبیاری با سه سطح (آبیاری در 40 درصد تخلیه رطوبت قابل دسترس در تمام دوره رشدی(کامل)، آبیاری طبیعی تا گرده افشانی و عدم آبیاری تا 60 درصد تخلیه رطوبت قابل دسترس تا پایان دوره رشدی، آبیاری تا گرده افشانی در 60 درصد تخلیه رطوبت قابل دسترس و قطع آبیاری تا پایان دوره رشدی) روش‌های آبیاری با 5 سطح (نشتی معمول، نشتی یک جویچه در میان متغیر، نشتی یک جویچه در میان ثابت، بارانی و تیپ(نواری-قطره‌ای)) و فاکتور سوم باکتری‌های افزاینده رشد با دو سطح(عدم مصرف و مصرف(تلفیق میکروباکتریوم+ ازتو باکتر+آزوسپریلیوم+ سودوموناس) بودند. نتایج نشان دادند فاکتور رژیم آبیاری بر روی عملکرد بیولوژیک و عملکرد دانه تاثیر معنی داری داشت به طوری که رژیم آبیاری دوم و سوم (به ترتیب با 89/7 و 70/4 تن در هکتار) باعث کاهش عملکرد دانه با کاهش به ترتیب 39/20 و 58/52 درصد شدند. روش‌های مختلف آبیاری بر روی صفات مختلف کمی و کیفی تاثیر‌گذار بود اما در روش آبیاری تیپ بیشترین کارایی مصرف آب را با 00/3 کیلوگرم بر متر مکعب نشان داد. استفاده از تلفیق باکتری باعث افزایش عملکرد بیولوژیک و دانه به ترتیب به میزان 79/9 و 51/13 درصد گردید.

کلیدواژه‌ها

گندم؛ رژیم آبیاری؛ روش های آبیاری؛ باکتری های محرک رشد؛ کارایی مصرف آب

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