Metal Pollution and Ecological Risk in Water from Chanomi Creek, Warri, Niger Delta, Nigeria

Journal of Chemical Health Risks

دوره 13، شماره 4، اسفند 2023، صفحه 789-802   

نوع مقاله: Original Article

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22034/jchr.2023.1986623.1751

نویسندگان

Amarachi Paschaline Onyena^{1، 2}؛ Joseph Ahamefula Nkwoji¹؛ Lucian Obinna Chukwu¹؛ Emeka Chinedu Ifediba^{* 3}؛ Onyenmechi Johnson Afonne³؛ Dokuboba Amachree⁴

¹Department of Marine Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria

²Department of Marine Environment and Pollution Control, Faculty of Marine Environmental Management, Nigeria Maritime University, Okerenkoko, Delta State, Nigeria

³Toxicology Unit, Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, NnamdiAzikiwe University, Nnewi Campus, Nnewi, Nigeria

⁴Department of Rivers State University, Nkpolu-Oroworukwo, Port Harcourt, Nigeria

چکیده

The utilisation of surface water has increased in the Niger Delta area of Nigeria due to high ground water abstraction rates. This study aims to assess the pollution status of heavy metals in water from Chanomi Creek, Nigeria, and conduct an ecological risk assessment to evaluate potential environmental impacts and implications for marine life and local communities. Ten stations adjoining the creek were sampled and analysed for Cr, Cd, Cu, Pb, Ni, Fe, Zn, As, and Mn, using atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Indices such as the heavy metal pollution index (HPIs), Nemerow pollution index (PN), and potential ecological risk indices (PERI) were used to assess the degree of water contamination and its suitability for marine life and agricultural purposes. Monthly data were aggregated and analysed as dry and wet seasons to evaluate seasonal influences on these parameters. During the dry season, Cd, Cu, Pb, Ni, and Zn increased significantly (p < 0.05). The HPIs for both seasons clearly exceeded the threshold of 100, making the water grossly inadequate for drinking. Across seasons, PN  for agricultural purposes ranged from 0.4 to 2.3 indicating slightly to moderate pollution status but was heavily polluted for aquatic life (PN: 98 – 240). High ecological risks (PERI > 400) were observed for human consumption and aquatic life. Chanomi Creek is moderately contaminated for animal watering and irrigation but extensively polluted for marine life.The study posits possible impacts on ecosystem health, biodiversity, and communities relying on the creek. Urgent action is required with effective pollution control and sustainable water management practices for environmental and health safety.

کلیدواژه‌ها

Heavy metal؛ Pollution؛ Risk؛ Chanomi؛ Creek؛ Marine

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