مروری بر تأثیر اعتیاد به مواد مخدر بر روی عملکرد و ساختار مغز بر مبنای تحلیل سیگنال‌های الکتروانسفالوگرام

روش‌های هوشمند در صنعت برق

مقالات آماده انتشار، پذیرفته شده، انتشار آنلاین از تاریخ 12 مهر 1402   

نوع مقاله: مقاله مروری

نویسندگان

عاطفه توبیها¹؛ ندا بهزادفر^{* 2}؛ محمد رضا یوسفی^{* 3}؛ همایون مهدوی نسب¹

¹دانشکده مهندسی برق- واحد نجف‌آباد، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، نجف‌آباد، ایران

²مرکز تحقیقات پردازش دیجیتال و بینایی ماشین- واحد نجف‌آباد، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، نجف‌آباد، ایران

³مرکز تحقیقات ریزشبکه‌های هوشمند- واحد نجف‌آباد، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، نجف‌آباد، ایران

چکیده

اعتیاد به مواد مخدر سبب ایجاد تغییرات ساختاری و عملکردی در مغز انسان می­گردد و می­توان آن را به عنوان یک بیماری مزمن در نظر گرفت. تاکنون مطالعات مختلفی جهت بررسی اعتیاد بر روی سیگنال الکتروانسفالوگرام (EEG) انجام شده که از نظر روش، شرایط تجربی، نمونه­ها و نتایج متفاوت هستند. بررسی مطالعات قبلی و روش­های تجربی جهت بررسی بهتر مسائل و چالش­های موجود در طراحی مطالعات اعتیاد ضروری است. سیگنال الکتروانسفالوگرام، به عنوان یک ابزار غیرتهاجمی دارای توانایی بالقوه جهت بررسی فعالیت عملکردی و شناختی مغز است. از الکتروانسفالوگرام می­توان جهت بررسی ارتباط تغییرات ایجاد شده در مغز در اثر مصرف مواد مخدر استفاده کرد. در این مقاله به بررسی تغییرات ایجاد شده در سیگنال الکتروانسفالوگرام در اثر مصرف مواد و همچنین پس از ترک مواد مخدر اشاره خواهد شد. نتایج نشان می­دهد که مصرف مواد مخدر سبب کاهش پردازش توجه و ایجاد اختلالات عملکردی و ناهنجاری­های مغزی می­گردد. در افراد معتاد افزایش فعالیت زیرباندهای بتا و دومین زیرباند آلفا، تأخیر در رخداد و کاهش دامنه P300 مشاهده شده است. همچنین نسبت توان زیرباند آلفا به تتا در T6 کاهش نشان داده و اختلاف معنا دار در زیرباند دلتا به زیرباند آلفا در نسبت توان مشاهده شده است. یافته­ها نشان می­دهند که ولع و سابقه مصرف مواد افراد بر توان سیگنال الکتروانسفالوگرام تأثیر می­گذارد. فعالیت عصبی در زیرباند آلفای افرادی که اعتیاد را ترک کرده­اند نیز به­طور معنی داری در لوب پاریتال (BA3 و BA7)، لوب فرونتال (BA4 و BA6) و لوب لیمبیک (BA24) ضعیف­تر است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

استخراج ویژگی؛ اعتیاد؛ سیگنال الکتروانسفالوگرام؛ طیف قدرت

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