Towards a Scale for Developing EFL Materials based on the principles of Critical Pedagogy

Journal of Studies in Learning and Teaching English

دوره 11، شماره 2 - شماره پیاپی 22، بهمن 2022، صفحه 165-196   

نوع مقاله: Original Research Paper

نویسندگان

Elham Tabatabaei¹؛ Mohammad Bavali^{* 2}

¹Department of Foreign Languages, Shiraz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shiraz, Iran

²Department of English language teaching and translation, Faculty of humanities, IAU, Shiraz, Iran

چکیده

This study aimed at designing a scale for developing EFL materials based on the principles of Critical Pedagogy. In so doing, a qualitative thematic analysis method was used. The participants of this study consisted of 20 (10 males and 10 females) EFL experts with more than 15 years of teaching EFL at the university level with at least one published paper on critical pedagogy and materials development, who were selected through purposive sampling from different states and Azad universities in Iran. To collect the data, a semi-structured interview was implemented. The existing literature on critical pedagogy and different materials development models was reviewed so that through merging the interview and literature review data, the recurrent categories can be identified and converted into the items of the intended scale. To analyze the data, thematic analysis was used. The following main themes were revealed as the main themes for CP-based EFL materials development: Defining CP-based objectives, developing CP-based content, encouraging CP-based teaching methods, encouraging CP-based evaluation procedures, and defining CP-based roles for teachers and students. Based on the extracted themes, a scale was developed into six categories. The developed scale consisted of 50 items in a five-point Likert range from 1=strongly disagree to 5=strongly agree. The findings have some implications for EFL teachers, learners, curriculum planners, and researchers.

کلیدواژه‌ها

CP-based Materials Development Scale؛ Critical Pedagogy (CP)؛ EFL Materials؛ Materials Development