Photocatalytic removal of ceftriaxone from aqueous solutions using g-C3N4

International Journal of Biophotonics and Biomedical Engineering

دوره 3، شماره 2، دی 2023، صفحه 17-22   

نوع مقاله: Research article

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.30495/ijbbe.2023.1993510.1031

نویسنده

Parvin Gharbani^*

Department of Chemistry, Ahar Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ahar, Iran

چکیده

Ceftriaxone is a one of Pharmaceutical compounds that cause pollution of water. In this research, g-C3N4 photocatalyst was synthesized and its efficiency in removal of ceftriaxone was studied. The synthesized g-C3N4 was analyzed using XRD, FTIR, FESEM,EDS and dot mapping. The effect of initial concentration of ceftriaxone, dosage of photocatalyst, irradiation time and pH was studied and based on these results, the highest removal efficiency of ceftriaxone from water was obtained about 83.4% at the concentration of 20 mg/L, pH=2 , 0.25 g/500 mL of g-C3N4 photocatalyst at 50 min of irradiation time. This study confirmed that g-C3N4 photocatalyst can be efficiently removed of ceftriaxone from water.

کلیدواژه‌ها

Ceftriaxone؛ g- C3N4؛ Photocatalyst؛ Recovery؛ Removal

مراجع

[1]    Y. Zhao, Y. Wang, E. Liu, J. Fan, and X. Hu, "Bi2WO6 nanoflowers: an efficient visible light photocatalytic activity for ceftriaxone sodium degradation," Appl. Surf. Sci, vol. 436, pp.854-864, 2018.
[2]     L. Huang, S. Yuanyuan,W. Weiliang,     y. Qinyan, and y. Tao, "Comparative study on characterization of activated carbons prepared by microwave and conventional heating methods and application in removal of oxytetracycline (OTC)," J. Chem. Eng, vol. 171, pp. 1446-1453, 2011.
[3]    Y. Zhao, L. Xuhua, W. Yongbo, S. Huanxian, L. Enzhou, F. Jun, and H. Xiaoyun, "Degradation and removal of Ceftriaxone sodium in aquatic environment with Bi2WO6/g-C3N4 photocatalyst," J. Colloid Interface Sci, vol. 523, pp.7-17, 2018.
[4]    E. Kristia, R. Pranowo, J. Sunarso, N. Indraswati, and S. Ismadji, "Performance of activated carbon and bentonite for adsorption of amoxicillin from wastewater: mechanisms, isotherms and kinetics," Water Res, vol. 43, pp. 2419-2430, 2009.
[5]     Z. Yanyan, Y. Wang, E. Liu, J. Fan, and X. Hu, "Bi2WO6 nanoflowers: an efficient visible light photocatalytic activity for ceftriaxone sodium degradation," Appl. Surf. Sci. vol. 436, pp.854-864, 2018.
[6]    D. Li, G. Xiaolei, S. Haoran, S. Tianyi , and J. Wan, "Preparation of RuO2-TiO2/Nano-graphite composite anode for electrochemical degradation of ceftriaxone sodium," J. Hazard. Mater. Vol. 351, pp.250-259, 2018.
[7]     B. Hazizadeh, R. Ranjineh Khojasteh, and P. Gharbani, "Preparation and characterization of visible-light sensitive nano Ag/Ag 3 VO 4/AgVO 3 modified by graphene oxide for photodegradation of reactive orange 16 dye," J. Inorg. Organomet. Polym. Mater. Vol.28, pp. 1149-1157, 2018.
[8]    M. Ismael, “Environmental remediation and sustainable energy generation via photocatalytic technology using rare earth metals modified g-C3N4: A review,” J. Alloys Compd. Vol. 931, pp. 167469, 2023.
[9]    E. Fathi and P. Gharbani. "Modeling and optimization removal of reactive Orange 16 dye using MgO/g-C3N4/zeolite nanocomposite in coupling with LED and ultrasound by response surface methodology," Diam. Relat. Mater. vol. 115, pp. 108346, 2021.
[10]    Sh. Cao, J. Low, J. Yu, and M. Jaroniec, "Polymeric Photocatalysts Based on Graphitic Carbon Nitride’, Adv. Mater, vol. 7, pp. 25693–2570, 2015.
[11]    J. Wen, J. Xie, X. Chen, and X. Li, "A review on g-C3N4-based photocatalysts," Appl. Surf. Sci, vol. 391, pp. 72-123, 2016. 
[12]    J. Wirth, R. Neumann, M. Antonietti, and P. Saalfrank, "Adsorption and of water on graphitic carbon nitride: a combined first bottom of form I principles and semiempirical study," Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. vol. 16, pp. 15917-15926, 2014.
[13]    H. Zou, X. Yan, J. Ren, X. Wu, Y. Dai, D. Sha, J. Pan, and J. Liu, “Photocatalytic activity enhancement of modified g-C3N4 by ionothermal copolymerization,” J. Materiomics. Vol. 1, pp. 340-347, 2015.
[14]     S.C. Yan, Z.S. Li, and Z.G. Zou, “Photodegradation Performance of g-C3N4 Fabricated by Directly Heating Melamine,” Langmuir, vol. 25, pp. 10397 - 10401, 2009.
[15]    U. Kurtan and A Baykal, “Fabrication and characterization of Fe 3 O 4@ APTES@ PAMAM -Ag highly active and recyclable magnetic nanocatalyst: Catalytic reduction of 4-nitrophenol,” Mater. Res. Bull, vol. 60, pp. 79-87, 2014
[16]    R. Dutta, T.V. Nagarjuna, S.A. Mandavgane and J.D. Ekhe, “Ultrafast removal of cationic dye using agrowaste-derived mesoporous adsorbent,” Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. vol. 48, PP. 18558-18567, 2014.
[17]    N. Esfandiar, B. Nasernejad and T. Ebadi, “Removal of Mn (II) from groundwater by sugarcane bagasse and activated carbon (a comparative study): application of response surface methodology (RSM),” Ind. amp; Eng. Chem. Res. Vol. 5 pp.3726-3736, 2014.
[18]    N. Sapawe, A.A. Jalil, S. Triwahyono, M.I. Shah, R. Jusoh, N.F. Salleh, B.H. Hameed, and A.H. Karim, “Cost-effective microwave rapid synthesis of zeolite NaA for removal of methylene blue,” J. Chem. Eng. Vol. 229, pp. 388-398, 2013.
[19]    R.C. Hsiao, L. Roselin, H.L. Hsu, R. Selvin, and R.S. Juang, “Photocatalytic degradation of reactive orange 16 dye over Au-doped TiO2 in aqueous suspension,” Int. J. Mater. Eng. Innov. Vol. 1, pp. 96-108, 2011.
[20]    G. Asgari, A.S. Mohammadi, S.B. Mortazavi, and B. Ramavandi, “Investigation on the pyrolysis of cow bone as a catalyst for ozone aqueous decomposition: Kinetic approach,” J. Anal. Appl. Pyrolysis. Vol. 99, pp. 149-154, 2013.