Inspecting Instrument-Based Variability: Effects of Enriching Willingness to Communicate Questionnaire - A Mixed Methods Approach

Journal of English Language Pedagogy and Practice

دوره 16، شماره 32، آذر 2023، صفحه 79-100   

نوع مقاله: Research Paper

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.30495/jal.2023.1972360.1442

نویسندگان

Roohollah Maleki^{* 1}؛ Ahmad Mohseni²؛ Ali Malmir³

¹Ph.D. Candidate, Department of English Language, Imam Khomeini International University, Ghazvin, Iran

²English Language Department, South Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran

³English Language Department, Faculty of Humanities, Imam Khomeini International University (IKIU), Qazvin, Iran

چکیده

The purpose of this cross-sectional mixed methods sequential explanatory study was to find out the effects of enriching McCroskey's (1992) Willingness to Communicate (WTC) questionnaire using oral-visual role-play on EFL responses from comparing the responses of 117 pre-intermediate EFL learners to this instrument before and after the enriching act. This study relates to sociolinguistic research in order to develop more authentic data collection and assessment. The quantitative results indicated no statistically significant effect in average score of the responses, and a decrease in reliability from original to the enriched one, but individual and item internal changes. Then, it followed up with 12 purposefully selected typical respondents to explore those quantitative results in verbal protocol after each administration of original and enriched WTC questionnaire that detected source of variability due to purpose, place, visualization, age, gender, and personality of the interlocutors in the role-plays. The quantitative and qualitative findings from the two phases of the study are discussed with reference to the prior research. Finally, implications and recommendations for EFL instructors, supervisors, and language assessors are provided.

کلیدواژه‌ها

Enriching؛ Mixed methods؛ Role-play؛ Willingness to communicate (WTC)