Taking the Future-Oriented Analyzing the Functions of Native Search Engine in the Process of Innovation and Commercialization

Journal of System Management

دوره 10، شماره 1 - شماره پیاپی 37، فروردین 2024، صفحه 17-31   

نوع مقاله: Research Paper

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.30495/jsm.2023.1979148.1765

نویسندگان

sahar kousari^{* 1}؛ Alireza Yari²

¹Faculty Member of National Research Institute for Science Policy (NRISP), Tehran, Iran.

²Faculty Member of Information Technology Department, ICT Research Institute , Tehran, Iran

چکیده

This article seeks to explain the functions of the development of the native Search Engine in the process of commercialization of services and the growth of businesses in the country by using the concept of innovation system and using a functional approach. To achieve this goal, a qualitative survey research method was used. The research community included academic and non-academic faculty members working on the native Search Engine project, and 17 of them were selected as a sample. The tool used in this research was a questionnaire, and comparative content analysis was used to analyze the data. To validate the obtained results, the focus group method was used, and for this purpose, 10 experts and specialists in the field of development of local producers were selected in the focus group. The findings of the research showed that the government has played a key role as the main driver in the formation of institutionalization and legalization functions, guiding and direction research and innovation, and providing and allocating resources in the first step of the road map of native search engine development. In the second step, the creation and dissemination of knowledge functions (supply side function), and in the third step, the functions of market formation and entrepreneurship have been activated in the direction of commercialization of native Search Engine (demand side function). The main problem of search engine development is the interaction among different functions.

کلیدواژه‌ها

commercialization؛ native Search Engine؛ function analysis

مراجع

Arasti, M., Akbari Jokar, M., Karimpour Kalow, A. (2014). A Model for Integrated and Strategic Planning of Manufacturable Technology Groups at Supply Chain Networks in a Corporation: The Case of SAIPA Corporation. Journal of Technology Development Management, 2(3), 9-48. 10.22104/JTDM.2015.180 (In Persian).

Ansoff, I. H., Managing Strategic Surprise by Response to Weak Signals, California Management Review, XVIII (2), 1975. https://doi.org/10.2307/41164635.

Bazargan, A. (2009). Introduction to Qualitative and Mixed Research Methods, Second Edition. Tehran: Didar Publishing. (In Persian).

Brown, R. (2021). Mission-oriented or mission adrift? A critical examination of mission-oriented innovation policies. European Planning Studies, 29(4), 739-761 https://doi.org/10.1080/09654313.2020.1779189

 

Bhamra, Ran, Dani, Samir and Kevin Burnard, Resilience: the concept, a literature review and future directions, International Journal of Production Research, April 2011. DOI:10.1080/00207543.2011.563826

Bergek, A., et al., Functionality of innovation systems as a rationale for and guide to innovation policy.  RIDE/IMIT Working Paper, 2007: p. 84426-006. DOI:10.4337/9781849804424.00013

Bergek, A., M. Hekkert, and S. Jacobsson, Functions in innovation systems: A framework for analyzing energy system dynamics and identifying goals for system-building activities by entrepreneurs and policymakers.  Innovation for a  low carbon economy:  economic, institutional and management approaches 2008. 79.

Carlsson, B. and Jacobsson, S., 2014, Dynamics of Innovation Systems – Policy-Making in a Complex and Non-Deterministic World, Paper presented at the International Workshop of Functions in Innovation Systems at the University of Utrecht, June 23-24th 2014, Utrecht, the Netherlands.

Carlsson, B., Stankiewicz, R. On the nature, function, and composition of technological systems. J Evol Econ 1, 93–118 (1991). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01224915

Calantone, Roger J., Cavusgil, S. Tamer and Yushan Zhao, Learning Orientation, Firm Innovation Capability and Firm Performance, Industrial Marketing Management, 31, 2002. DOI:10.1016/S0019-8501(01)00203-6

Chakravarthy, Balaji S., Adaptation: A Promising Metaphor for Strategic Management, The Academy of Management Review, 7(1), 1982. https://doi.org/10.2307/257246

Demmer, William A., Vickery, Shawnee K. and Roger Calantone, Engendering resilience in small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs): a case study of Demmer Corporation, International Journal of Production Research, April 2011. DOI:10.1080/00207543.2011.563903

Durand, Rodolphe, Predicting a Firm's Forecasting Ability: The Roles of Organizational Illusion of Control and Organizational Attention, Strategic Management Journal, 24, 2003. https://doi.org/10.1002/smj.339

Doulabi, H., khamseh, A., & Torabi, T. (2020). A System Dynamics Approach to Designing Technological Innovation Management Model in Downstream Petrochemical Industries. Journal of System Management, 6(1), 113-148. doi: 10.30495/jsm.2020.673654(In persian)

Erol, Ozgur, Henry, Devanandham, Sauser, Brian and Mo Mansouri, Perspectives on Measuring Enterprise Resilience, Research Gate, May 2010. DOI: 10.1109/SYSTEMS.2010.5482333

Evans, J. Stuart, Strategic Flexibility for High Technology Manoeuvres: A Conceptual Framework, Journal of Management Studies, January 1991. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-6486.1991.tb00271.x.

Gibson, Cristina B.  and Julian Birkinshaw, The Antecedents, Consequences and Mediating role of Organizational Ambidexterity, Academy of Management Journal, 47(2), 2004. https://doi.org/10.2307/20159573

Grim, Terry, Foresight Maturity Model (FMM): Achieving Best Practices in the Foresight Field, Journal of Futures Studies, 13 (4). May 2009.

Ghasemi Hosseinabadi, M., MousaKhani, M., & Ramezan, M. (2023). Presenting a Conceptual Framework in the Entrepreneurial Strategic Factors of Government Managers (Managers of Isfahan Province). Journal of System Management, 9(2), 81-99. doi: 10.30495/jsm.2022.1972003.1705. (In Persian).

He, Zi-Lin and Poh-Kam Wong, Exploration vs. Exploitation: An Empirical Test of the Ambidexterity Hypothesis, Organization Science, 15( 4), July-August 2004.DoI:10.1287/orsc.1040.0078

Hiltunen, Elina, Was It a Wild Card or Just Our Blindness to Gradual Change?, Journal of Futures Studies,  11 (2). November 2006

Hatice Cigdem Demirel, Wim Leendertse, Leentje Volker2022)), Mechanisms for protecting returns on private investments in public infrastructure projects, International Journal of Project Management.4(3).https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijproman.2021.11.008

Hekkert, M.P., and S.O. Negro, Functions of innovation systems as a framework to understand sustainable technological change: Empirical evidence for earlier claims. Technological forecasting and social change, 2009. 76(4): p. 584-594. DOI:10.1016/J.TECHFORE.2008.04.013

Hekkert,  M.,  et  al.,  Technological  innovation  system  analysis.  A manual for analysts. To be found on: http://www. innovation -system. net/wp-content/uploads/2 013 / 03 / UU_02rapport_Technological_Inn

ovation_System_Analysis. pdf,[Accessed: 02.10. 2013], 2011.

Hekkert, M.P., et al.,  Functions of innovation systems: A new approach for analyzing technological change.  Technological forecasting and social change, 200 7 . 74 ( 4 :) p. 413-432. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techfore.2006.03.002

Jansen, Justin, Ambidextrous Organizations; A Multiple-level Study of Absorptive Capacity, Exploratory and Exploitative Innovation, and Performance, PhD Thesis, 2005.

Janda, K.,  L. Kristoufek,  and D. Zilberman,  Biofuels:  Policies and impacts.   Agricultural Economics, 2012. 58(8): p. 372-386. DOI: 10.17221/124/2011-AGRICECON

Janssen, M. J., Torrens, J., Wesseling, J. H., & Wanzenböck, I. (2021). The promises and premises of mission-oriented innovation policy—A reflection and ways forward. Science and Public Policy, 48(3), 438-444. https://doi.org/10.1093/scipol/scaa072

 Kessler, J., Assessing Low-Carbon Fuel Technology Innovation Through a Technology Innovation System Approach  2015

karami, M., Rastgar, A. A., Azar, A., Feiz, D., & Esfidani, M. R. (2020). Identifying the Factors Affecting the Selection of B2B Online Market Entry Strategies Using Soft System Methodology (Case Study: IT Industry knowledge-based companies). Journal of System Management, 6(2), 55-80. doi: 10.30495/jsm.2020.677236(In Persian).

Kousa, Tuomo, Futures Signal Sense-making Framework (FSSF): A Start-up Tool to Analyse and Categorise Weak Signals, Wild Cards, Drivers, Trends and Other Types of Information, Futures, 42, ,2010. DOI:10.1016/J.FUTURES.2009.08.003

Lin, Ching-Torng, Chiu, Hero and Yi-Hong Tseng, Agility Evaluation using Fuzzy Logic, International Journal of Production Economics, 101, 2006, DOI:10.1016/j.ijpe.2005.01.011

Lipsey,  R.G.  and  E.-W.  Center,  Understanding  Technological Change. 2001: East-West Center

Linda Argote, Jerry Guo, Sae-Seul Park, Oliver Hahl (2022) The Mechanisms and Components of Knowledge Transfer: The Virtual Special Issue on Knowledge Transfer Within Organizations. Organization Science 33(3):1232-1249.https://doi.org/10.1287/orsc.2022.1590

Marco Di Giulio, Giancarlo Vecchi(2022) How “institutionalization” can work. Structuring governance for digital transformation , Review of Policy Research. https://doi.org/10.1111/ropr.12488

Nouri, A., Mohammadi, Y. (2012). A practical guide to research in the humanities. Tehran: Editing Publishing. (In Persian).

O'Reilly III, Charles A. and Michael L. Tushman, Organizational Ambidexterity in Action: How Managers explore and exploit, California Management Review 53(4), Summer 2011. DOI:10.1525/cmr.2011.53.4.5

Oner, M. Atilla and Semen Gol Beser, Assessment of corporate foresight project results: case of a multinational company in Turkey, Foresight, 13(2) 2011.DOI:-

Paliokaite, Agne, The Relationship Between Organisational Foresight and Organisational Ambidexterity, Doctoral Dissertation, ISM University of Management and Economics.

Suurs,  R.A.  and  M.P.  Hekkert,  Cumulative  causation  in  the formation  of  a  technological  innovation  system:  The  case  of biofuels  in  the  Netherlands.  Technological  Forecasting  and Social Change, 2009. 76(8): p. 1003-1020. DOI:10.1016/J.TECHFORE.2009.03.002

Smits,  R.E.,  S.  Kuhlmann,  and  P.  Shapira,  The theory and practice of innovation policy:  An international research handbook. 2010: Edward Elgar.

Truffer, B., Rohracher, H., & Markard, J. (2009). The Analysis of Institutions in Technological Innovation Systems-A conceptual framework applied to biogas development in Austria. Copenhagen: Copenhagen Business School, 7.

UNESCO,The strategy and business management team of the native Local Search Engine ecosystems project, compiling strategies and revising the operational plan of the native Local Search Engine ecosystems project, Communication and Information Technology Research Institute, 2015