بررسی تاثیر بیوچار حاصله از Azolla filiculoides بر مشخصه‌های مورفو فیزیولوژیکی گونه Kochia prostrata L. تحت تنش خشکی

فیزیولوژی محیطی گیاهی

دوره 18، شماره 71، مهر 1402، صفحه 1-17   

نوع مقاله: پژوهشی

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.30495/iper.2022.1964411.1813

نویسندگان

فاطمه حیدری¹؛ قاسمعلی دیانتی تیلکی^{* 1}؛ یحیی کوچ¹؛ مهدی عبداللهی²

¹گروه مرتعداری، دانشکده منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، نور، ایران

²گروه مهندسی فرایندهای پلیمریزاسیون، دانشکده مهندسی شیمی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، تهران، ایران

چکیده

تنش آبی از مهم‌ترین تنش‌های غیر‌زیستی است که تاثیر نامطلوبی بر رشد گیاهان در مناطق خشک و نیمه‌خشک دارد و صفات گیاهی منعکس‌کننده واکنش و سازگاری گیاهان به تغییرات محیطی هستند که نقش مهمی در پیش‌بینی اثرات مختلف محیطی بر گیاهان و فرآیندهای گیاهی ایفا می‌کنند. در این تحقیق به منظور بررسی تاثیر بیوچار بر مشخصه‌های مورفوفیزیولوژیک گونه( Kochia prostrata.L) در شرایط کم آبی،. آزمایشی به صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح کاملا تصادفی با سه تکرار در شرایط گلخانه انجام شد. تیمارهای تنش کم‌آبی شامل چهار سطح ] 25، 50، 75 و 100 درصد ظرفیت زراعی مزرعه [و تیمار بیوچارتولید شده از آزولا شامل چهار سطح (شاهد ، 5 گرم، 15 گرم و 30 گرم) بودند. مشخصه‌های مورفولوژیکی (ارتفاع گیاه، طول ریشه، وزن زیست توده اندام‌های هوایی، وزن زیست توده ریشه) و مشخصه‌های فیزیولوژیکی (فتوسنتز، پتانسیل آبی گیاه، هدایت روزنه‌ای و تعرق)گونه مورد نظر تحت دو تیمار خشکی و بیوچار قرار گرفتند. نتایج نشان داد که اثر متقابل تنش خشکی و بیوچار بر تمامی مشخصه‌ها (بجز ارتفاع گیاه) معنی‌دار شد. اثر اصلی تنش خشکی بجز مشخصه‌های (فتوسنتز و پتانسیل آبی) و اثر اصلی بیوچار بجز مشخصه (طول ریشه) بر سایر مشخصه‌ها اثر معنی‌داری داشتند. تیمار 30 گرم بیوچار باعث افزایش مشخصه‌های مورفولوژی (طول ریشه، ارتفاع گیاه، زیست‌توده گیاهی) به ترتیب به میزان 22، 36 و 50 درصد نسبت به شاهد شد و همچنین تیمار 30 گرم بیوچار باعث افزایش معنی‌دار مشخصه فتوسنتز و هدایت روزنه‌ای به میزان 107 و 32 درصد نسبت به شاهد گردید. با توجه به نتایج این پژوهش می‌توان اذعان کرد که تیمار بیوچار 15 گرم در بین سطوح مختلف عملکرد بهتری نشان داده است و می‌تواند مقدار مناسبی برای افزایش کارایی گونه مورد مطالعه باشد. نتایج به دست آمده از این پژوهش می‌تواند گامی مهم، در جهت استفاده کاربردی از بیوچار در احیا و اصلاح مراتع باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

آزولا؛ بیوچار؛ تنش حشکی؛ فتوسنتز؛ Kochia prostrata

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