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Sabetmand, Hossein, Langarudi, Hamid, Zamini, Abbasali, Tizkar, Babak. (1402). Influence of Spirulina sp. and citric acid dietary supplements on the growth performance and immune parameters of common carp (Cyprinus carpio). نشریه علمی پژوهشی دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی, 16(1), 91-99. doi: 10.22034/iar.2023.1972999.1358
Hossein Sabetmand; Hamid Faghani Langarudi; Abbasali Zamini; Babak Tizkar. "Influence of Spirulina sp. and citric acid dietary supplements on the growth performance and immune parameters of common carp (Cyprinus carpio)". نشریه علمی پژوهشی دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی, 16, 1, 1402, 91-99. doi: 10.22034/iar.2023.1972999.1358
Sabetmand, Hossein, Langarudi, Hamid, Zamini, Abbasali, Tizkar, Babak. (1402). 'Influence of Spirulina sp. and citric acid dietary supplements on the growth performance and immune parameters of common carp (Cyprinus carpio)', نشریه علمی پژوهشی دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی, 16(1), pp. 91-99. doi: 10.22034/iar.2023.1972999.1358
Sabetmand, Hossein, Langarudi, Hamid, Zamini, Abbasali, Tizkar, Babak. Influence of Spirulina sp. and citric acid dietary supplements on the growth performance and immune parameters of common carp (Cyprinus carpio). نشریه علمی پژوهشی دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی, 1402; 16(1): 91-99. doi: 10.22034/iar.2023.1972999.1358

Influence of Spirulina sp. and citric acid dietary supplements on the growth performance and immune parameters of common carp (Cyprinus carpio)

International Aquatic Research
مقاله 7، دوره 16، شماره 1، خرداد 2024، صفحه 91-99    اصل مقاله (335.84 K)
نوع مقاله: Short communication
شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22034/iar.2023.1972999.1358
نویسندگان
Hossein Sabetmand1؛ Hamid Faghani Langarudi* 1؛ Abbasali Zamini2؛ Babak Tizkar1
1Department of Fisheries, Tonekabon Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tonekabon, Iran
2Department of Fisheries, Tonekabon Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tonekabon, Iran; Department of Fisheries, Lahijan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Lahijan, Iran
چکیده
This study explores the effects of supplementing the diets of common carp (Cyprinus carpio) with Spirulina sp. and citric acid (CA) on growth performance and immune parameters. Various experimental diets were formulated, including a control group, diets with 20g/kg Spirulina, 30g/kg Spirulina, 0.5g/kg citric acid, 1.0g/kg citric acid, and four mixed combinations of Spirulina and citric acid. Initially, common carp weighing 15.3 ± 1.9g were fed these diets for eight weeks in 40‐L aquaria with three replicates. Growth performance and immune indices, specifically lysozyme, IgM, and immunoglobulin M (IgM) levels were assessed. The results demonstrated that the Spirulina/citric acid mixture  significantly improved growth performance and immune indices compared to individual Spirulina and citric acid treatments and the control group (P< 0.05). The growth indices indicated increased dietary efficiency with the higher
inclusion of the mixture, with the 30g Spirulina sp. + 1.0g citric acid and 30g Spirulina sp. + 0.5g citric acid treatments exhibiting the highest growth performance and the lowest feed conversion ratio (FCR). In conclusion, dietary supplementation of 30g/kg Spirulina combined with 0.5g/kg citric acid was found to promote growth and positively influence the immune parameters in common carp.
کلیدواژه‌ها
Spirulina؛ Cyprinus carpio؛ Growth؛ Immune؛ Digestive enzymes
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