Effects of Physical Sizes of Clinoptilolite on Protein Efficiency Ratio, Intestinal Morphology and Growth Indices of Broilers

Iranian Journal of Applied Animal Science

مقاله 23، دوره 4، شماره 1، خرداد 2014، صفحه 165-172   

نوع مقاله: Research/Original Article

نویسندگان

B. Parizadian Kavan^{* 1}؛ M. Shams Shargh¹؛ S. Hassani¹؛ Y. Mostafalo²

¹Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Animal Science, Gorgan University of Agricultural Science and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran

²Department of Animal Science, Gonbad University, Gonbad, Iran

چکیده

A total of 448 Ross 308 seven-day old male broiler chicks were assigned to seven treatments with four replicates, each containing 16 chicks, to determine effects of physical sizes and rate of dietary inclusion of clinoptilolite. The chicks fed diet containing clinoptilolite at 1.5% and particle size of 0.4-0.8 mm showed significantly higher body weight gain than the control group that did not receive clinoptilolite (P<0.05). Adding clinoptilolite to the dietcaused a significant improvement infeed conversion ratio during 22-42 and 7-42 days of age(P<0.05). Broilers fed diet containing clinoptilolite at 1.5% and particle size of 0.4-0.8 mm had a lower feed conversion ratio than other groups. Addition of clinoptilolite at 1.5% and particle size of 0.4-0.8 mm improved protein efficiency ratio than the control group in periods 22-42 and 7-42 days (P<0.05). Broilers fed diet containing clinoptilolite at 3% and particle size of 0.4-0.8 mm had significantly longer villus height in the duodenumand those fed clinoptilolite at 1.5% and particle size of 0.4-0.8 mm had longer villus height in the jejunumthan the control group (P<0.05). Among different dietary treatments, the groupreceiving 1.5% clinoptilolite and particle size of 0.4-0.8 mm had thegreatest ratio of villus height to crypt depth. In conclusion supplementation of diet with clinoptilolite with a particle size of 0.4-0.8 mm had positive effects on performance and intestinal morphology in broilers.

کلیدواژه‌ها

Broiler؛ Clinoptilolite؛ crypt depth؛ Performance؛ villus height

مراجع

Albengres E., Urien S., Tillement J.P., Oury P., Decourt S., Flouvat B. and Drieu K. (1985). Interactions between smectite, a mucus stabilizer and acidic and basic drugs. EuropeanJ. Clin. Pharmacol. 28, 601-605.
Alzueta C., Ortiz L.T., Rebole A., Rodriguez M.L., Centeno C. and Trevino J. (2002). Effects of removal of mucilage and enzyme or sepiolite supplement on the nutrient digestibility and metabolyzable energy of a diet containing linseed in broiler chickens. Anim. Feed Sci. Technol. 97, 169-181.
Amerah A.M., Ravindran V., Lentle R.G. and Thomas D.G. (2007). Feed particle size: implications on the digestion and performance of poultry. World Poult. Sci. J. 63, 439-455.
Amon M.M., Dobeic R.W., Sneath V.R., Phillips T.H. and Pain B.F. (1997). A farm-scale study on the use of clinoptilolite zeolite and De-odorase for reducing odour and ammonia emissions from broiler hauses. Biores. Technol. 61, 229-237.
AOAC. (1990). Official Methods of Analysis. Vol. I. 15^th Ed. Association of Official Analytical Chemists, Arlington, VA.
Bernal M.P. and Lopez-Real J.M. (1993). Natural zeolite and sepiolite as ammonium and ammonia adsorbent materials. Biores. Technol. 43, 27-23.
Buamah T.F. and Singsen P. (1975). Studies on the protein efficiency ratio method for the evaluation of poultry feed supplements. Modifications associated with choice of dietary protein level for assay. J. Nutr. 105, 688-700.
Castellini C., Mugnai C. and Dal Bosco A. (2002). Effect of organic production system on broiler carcass and meat quality. Meat Sci. 60, 219-225.
Chiou P.W.S., Lu T.W., Hsu J.C. and Yu B. (1996). Effect of different sources of fiber on the intestinal morphology of domestic geese. Asia-australas J. Anim. Sci. 4, 539-550.
Dudley M.A., Wykes L.J., Dudley A.W., Burrin D.G., Nichols B.L., Rosenberger J., Jahoor F., Heird W.C. and Reeds P.J. (1998). Parenteral nutrition selectively decreases protein synthesis in the smallintestine. Am. J. Physiol. Gastrointest. Liver. Physiol. 274, 131-137.
Duncan D.B. (1955). Multiple range and multiple F-test. Biometrics. 11, 1-42.
Evans M., Singh D.N., Trappet P. and Nagle T. (2005). Investigation into the effect of feeding laying hens complete diets with wheat in whole or ground form and zeolite presented in powdered or grit form, on performance and oocyst output after being challenged with coccidiosis. Pp. 187-190 in Proc. 17^th Austalian Poult. Sci. Symp. Sydney, New South Wales.
Herzig I., Strakova E. and Suchy P. (2008). Long-term application of clinoptilolite via the feed of layers and its impact on the chemical composition of long bones of pelvic limb (femur and tibiotarsus) and eggshell. Vet. Med. 53, 550-554.
Kim Y.J., Park W.Y. and Choi I.H. (2010). Effects of dietary α-tocopherol, selenium and their different combinationson growth performance and meat quality of broiler chicken. Poult. Sci. 89, 603-608.
Li Y. and Owyang C. (1993). Vagal afferent pathway mediates physiological action of cholecystokinin on pancreatic enzyme secretion. J. Clin. Invest. 92, 418-424.
Lopez Pedrosa J.M., Torres M.I., Fernandez M.I., Rios A. and Gil A. (1998). Severe malnutrition alters lipid composition and fatty acid profile of small intestine in newborn piglets.J. Nutr. 128, 224-233.
Ma Y.L. and Guo T. (2008). Intestinal morphology, brush border and digesta enzyme activities of broilers fed on a diet containing Cu²⁺ loaded montmorillonite. Br. Poult. Sci. 49, 65-73.
Maneewan B. and Yamauchi K. (2005). Recovery of duodenal villi and cells in chickens refed protein, carbohydrate and fat. Br. Poult. Sci. 46, 415-423.
Martin Kleiner I., Flegar Mestric Z., Zadro R., Breljak D. and Stanovie S. (2001). The effect of the zeolite clinoptilolite on serum chemistry and hematopoiesis in mice. Food Chem. Toxicol. 39, 717-727.
Mekbungwan A. and Yamauchi K. (2004). Growth performance and histological intestinal alterations in piglets fed dietary raw and heated pigeon pea seed meal. Histol. Histopathol. 19, 381-389.
Miles R.D., Harms R.H. and Lourent S.M. (1986). Influence of sodium zeolite on laying hens performance. Nutr. Rep. Int. 34, 1097-1103.
Miroslav M., Vecerek V., Mas N., Suchy P., Strakova E., Serman V. and Herzig I. (2010). Effect of the feed additive clinoptilolite (Zeo Feed) on nutrient metabolism and production performance of laying hens. Acta. Vet. Brno. 79, 29-34.
Montagne L., Pluske J.R. and Hampson D.J. (2003). A review of interactions between dietary fiber and the intestinal mucosa, and their consequences on digestive health in young non-ruminant animals. Anim. Feed. Sci. Technol. 108, 95-117.
Mumpton F.A. and Fishman P.H. (1977). The application of natural zeolite in animal science and agriculture. J. Anim. Sci. 45, 1188-1203.
Nakaue H.S. and Koelliker U.K. (1981). Studies with clinoptilolite in poultry. Effect of feeding varying levels of clinoptilolite (zeolite) to dwarf single comb white leghorn pullets and ammonia production. Poult. Sci. 60, 944-949.
Nir I., Shefet G. and Aaroni Y. (1994a). Effect of particle size on performance. 1. Corn.Poult. Sci. 73, 45-49.
Nir I., Hillel R., Shefet G. and Nitsan Z. (1994b). Effect of particle size on performance. 2. Grain texture interactions. Poult. Sci. 73, 781-791.
NRC. (1994). Nutrient Requirements of Poultry, 9^th Rev. Ed. National Academy Press, Washington, DC.
Olver M.D. (1983). The effect of feeding clinoptilolite (zeolite) to laying hens. South African J. Anim. Sci. 13, 107-110.
Olver M.D. (1989). Effect of feeding clinoptilolite (zeolite) to three strains of laying hens. Br. Poult. Sci. 30, 115-121.
Olver M.D. (1997). Effect of feeding clinoptilolite (zeolite) on the performances of three strain of laying hens. Br. Poult. Sci. 38, 220-222.
Ouhida I., Perez J.F., Piedrafita J. and Gasa J. (2000). The effects of sepiolite in broiler chicken diets of high, medium and low viscosity. Productive performance and nutritive value. Anim. Feed Sci. Technol. 85, 183-194.
Ozturk E., Erner G. and Sarica M. (1998). Influence of natural zeolite on performance of laying hens and egg quality. Turkish. J. Agric. Forest. 22, 623-628.
Papaioannou D.S., Kyriakis C.S., Alexopoulos C., Tzika E.D., Polizopoulou Z.S. and Kyriakis S.C. (2004). A field study on the effect of the dietary use of a clinoptilolite-rich tuff, alone or in combination with certain antimicrobials, on the health status and performance of weaned, growing and finishing pigs. Res. Vet. Sci. 76, 19-29.
Papaioannou D., Katsoulos P.D., Panousis N. and Karatzias H. (2005). The role of natural and synthetic zeolites as feed additives on the prevention and / or the treatment of certain farm animal diseases: a review. Micropor. Mesopor. Mat. 84, 161-170.
Pappas A.C., Zoidis E., Theophilou N., Zervas G. and Fegeros K. (2010). Effects of palygorskite on broiler performance feed technological characteristics and litter quality. Appl. Clay. Sci. 49, 276-280.
Park Y.K., Monaco M.M. and Donovan S.M. (1998). Delivery of total parenteral nutrition (TPN) via umbilical catheterization: development of a piglet model to investigate therapies to improve gastrointestinal structure and enzyme activity during TPN. Biol. Neonate. 73, 295-305.
Parson A., Buchanan N., Blemings K., Wilson M. and Moritz J. (2006). Effect of corn particle size and pellet texture on broiler performance in the growing phase. J. Appl. Poult. Res. 15, 245-255.
Pelicano E.R.L., Souza P.A., Souza H.B.A., Figueiredo D.F., Boiago M.M., Carvalho S.R. and Bordon V.F. (2005). Intestinal mucosa development in broiler chickens fed natural growth promoters. Brazilian J. Poult. Sci. 7, 221-229.
Pond W.G. and Lee J. (1984). Zeo-agriculture: use of natural zeolites in agriculture and aquaculture. Westview Press Inc. Boulder. Colorado. 167, 129-145.
Roland D.A., Rabon S.R. and Frost T.J. (1990). Response of commercial Leghorns to sodium aluminosilicate when fed different levels and source of available phosphorus. Poult. Sci. 69, 2157-2164.
SAS Institute. (1994). Nutrient Requirements of Poultry, 9^th Rev. Ed. National Academy Press, Washington, DC.
Shariatmadari F. (2008). The application of zeolite in poultry production. World‏‏‏'s Poult. Sci. J. 64, 76-84.
Suchy P., Strakowa E., Vecerek V., Klouda Z. and Kracmarova E. (2006). The effect of a clinoptilolite-based feed supplement on the performance of broiler chickens. Czech J. Anim. Sci. 51, 168-173.
Svihus B., Juvik E., Hetlavd H. and Krogdahl A. (2004). Causes for improvement in nutritive value of broiler chicken diets with whole wheat instead of ground wheat. Br. Poult. Sci. 45, 55-60.
Tarladgis B.G., Watts B.M., Younathan M.T. and Dudan L.J. (1960). A distillation method for the quantitative determination of malonaldehyde in rancid foods. J. Am. Oil. Chem. Soc. 37, 44-48.
Tepe Y., Akyurt I., Ciminli C., Mutlu E. and Caliskan M. (2004). Protective effect of clinoptilolite on lead toxicity in common carp cyprinus carpio. Fresen. Environ. Bull. 13, 639-642.
Utlu N., Celebi S. and Yucel O. (2007). The effects of natural zeolite supplementation to diet on serum element concentrations in laying hens. Rev. Med. Vet. 158, 598-602.
Xu Z.R., Ma Y.L., Hu C.H., Xia M.S., Guo T. and Jin H.L. (2003). Effects of Cu (II)-exchanged montmorillonite on growth performance, intestinal microflora, bacterial enzyme activities, and morphology of broilers. Asian-australas J. Anim. Sci. 16, 1673-1679.
Zijlstra R.T., Donovan S.M., Odle J., Gelberg H.B., Petschow B.W. and Gaskins H.R. (1997). Protein-energy malnutrition delays small intestinal recovery in neonatal pigs infected with rotavirus. J. Nutr. 127, 1118-1127.