کاهش تنش ناشی از سمیت آرسنیک در سویا (Glycine max L) با استفاده از سدیم نیتروپروساید

اکوفیزیولوژی گیاهان زراعی

مقاله 15، دوره 10، 1(37) بهار، فروردین 1395، صفحه 225-242   

نوع مقاله: علمی پژوهشی

نویسندگان

الهام اسدی کرم^{* 1}؛ بتول کرامت¹؛ حسین مظفری²

¹گروه زیست شناسی، دانشکده علوم، دانشگاه شهید باهنر کرمان، کرمان، ایران

²پژوهشکده علوم محیطی، مرکز بین المللی علوم و تکنولوژی پیشرفته و علوم محیطی کرمان، ایران

چکیده

آرسنیک یکی از مهم ­ترین سموم آلوده­ کننده­ی محیط زیست محسوب می ­شود. آرسنیک به طرق مختلف از جمله تشکیل گونه­ های اکسیژن فعـال و در نتیجه پراکسیداسیون لیپیدهای غشـایی باعث اختلال در رشــد گیاهان می­ شود. در این مطالعه اثر متقابل آرسنیک و سدیم نیترو پروساید (SNP) بر گیاه سویا بررسی شد. بدین منظور، سویا در مرحله چهار برگی مورد تیمار غلظت­ های مختلف آرسنیک (0 ،150 و300 میکرومولار) و SNP (صفر و 100میکرومولار) قرار گرفت و صفاتی نظیر غلظت پراکسید هیدروژن، پرولین، مالون دی­آلدهید و فعالیت برخی آنزیم ­های آنتی اکسیدان در شاخساره اندازه­ گیری شد. نتایج نشان داد که با افزایش غلظت آرسنیک در محیط هوگلنـد، میزان کلروفیل کل در شاخساره بـه­ طـور معنی­ داری کاهش و فعالیت آنزیم ­های کاتالاز و پراکسیداز به­ طور معنی­ داری افزایش یافت. همچنین، در تیمارهای آرسنیک تجمع پراکسید­هیدروژن به­ طور معنی­ داری افزایش یافت که منجر به پراکسیداسیون لیپیدهای غشایی گردید. افزایش محتوای مالون ­دی­آلدهید، این را تأیید نمود. به کارگیری SNP در محـیط حـاوی آرسنیک، میزان کلروفیل کل، فعالیت آنزیم ­های آسکوربات پراکسیداز و گایاکول پراکسیداز را به ­طور معنی­داری افزایش داد ولی، فعالیت آنزیم کاتالاز با اسـتفاده از SNP در این شرایط کاهش پیدا کرد. بنـابراین، SNP در کـاهش آسـیب­ هـای اکسایشی می ­تواند نقش مؤثری داشته باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

آرسنیک؛ آنتی اکسیدان؛ سویا؛ سدیم نیترو پروساید

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