تجزیه رشد، عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد سه رقم جو (Hordeum vulgare L) در تراکم های کاشت

اکوفیزیولوژی گیاهان زراعی

مقاله 13، دوره 10، 2(38) تابستان، تیر 1395، صفحه 461-476   

نوع مقاله: علمی پژوهشی

نویسندگان

پیام مرادحاجتی¹؛ علیرضا شکوه فر^{* 2}

¹دانش آموخته ی کارشناسی ارشد گروه زراعت، واحد اهواز، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، اهواز، ایران

²استادیار گروه زراعت، واحد اهواز، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، اهواز، ایران

چکیده

به­ منظور بررسی تاثیر سطوح مختلف بذر بر مؤلفه­ های مهم تجزیه رشد، عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد سه ژنوتیپ جو در اهواز، آزمایشی به­ صورت کرت­ های یک بار خرد شده در قالب طرح بلوک­ های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار در سال زراعی 93-1392 اجرا گردید. کرت­ های اصلی شامل سه رقم جو (جنوب، نیمروز و زهک) و کرت­ های فرعی چهار میزان بذر (250، 300، 350 و 400 بذر در متر مربع) بود. نتایج نشان داد افزایش میزان بذر در هر سه رقم باعث افزایش شاخص سطح برگ (LAI)، سرعت رشد محصول (CGR) و کاهش فتوسنتز خالص (NAR) شد. رقم جنوب دارای بیشترین مقادیر (LAI)، (CGR) و (NAR) بود. اختلاف بین ارقام از نظر تعداد سنبله در متر مربع، تعداد دانه در سنبله، طول سنبله و عملکرد دانه در سطح احتمال 1 درصد و شاخص برداشت در سطح 5 درصد معنی ­دار بود. بین سطوح مختلف میزان بذر از نظر طول سنبله، تعداد سنبله در متر مربع، تعداد دانه در سنبله و عملکرد دانه در سطح احتمال 1 درصد و از نظر عملکرد بیولوژیک و شاخص برداشت در سطح احتمال 5 درصد اختلاف معنی­ داری مشاهده گردید. بیشترین عملکرد دانه به میزان 5561 کیلوگرم در هکتار مربوط به رقم جو جنوب در میزان 350 بذر در متر مربع به­ دست آمد. بیشترین شاخص برداشت را رقم جنوب با میزان 350 بذر در متر مربع با 40 درصد به خود اختصاص داد. نتایج این بررسی نشان داد که رقم جنوب به دلیل بیشتر بودن شاخص ­های فیزیولوژیکی و اجزای عملکرد (طول سنبله، وزن هزار دانه و تعداد دانه در سنبله) نسبت به سایر ارقام ذکر شده و همچنین با افزایش تراکم (350 و 400 بذر در متر مربع) در این رقم، تعداد سنبله در متر مربع افزایش یافته که باعث عملکرد بیشتر شده است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

تراکم بذر؛ شاخص رشد؛ عملکرد دانه؛ CGR؛ NAR

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