تحلیل سطح توسعه خدمات بهداشتی - درمانی از منظر عدالت فضایی (مطالعه موردی: سکونتگاه‌های روستایی استان آذربایجان غربی)

مطالعات برنامه ریزی سکونتگاه های انسانی

مقاله 2، دوره 11، شماره 36، آذر 1395، صفحه 19-38   

نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

شمسی صالح پور^{* 1}؛ حسن افراخته²

¹دانشجوی دکتری جغرافیا و برنامه‌ریزی روستایی، دانشگاه خوارزمی، تهران، ایران

²استاد گروه جغرافیا و برنامه‌ریزی روستایی، دانشگاه خوارزمی، تهران، ایران

چکیده

در هر جامعه‌ای، بهداشت و درمان به عنوان یکی از بخش‌های مهم اجتماعی نقش تعیین‌کننده‌ای در سلامت و تندرستی افراد جامعه دارد. از این رو به عنوان یکی از حقوق جهانی بشر، مورد تاکید تمام کشورها در زمینه تأمین رفاه اجتماعی است. مطالعه حاضر باهدف تحلیل سطح توسعه خدمات بهداشتی - درمانی از منظر عدالت فضایی در سکونتگاه­های روستایی استان آذربایجان غربی انجام شده است. روش تحقیق توصیفی- تحلیلی و نوع آن کاربردی است. جمع‌آوری داده‌ها در قالب 12 شاخص، به صورت اسنادی و کتابخانه‌ای بوده است. به منظور تحلیل داده­ها از ضریب آنتروپی شانون و مدل‌های TOPSISو MORIS و به منظور رسیدن به نتیجه واحد از روش میانگین رتبه‌ها استفاده شد. بابکارگیری این مدل­ها و آنالیز هریک از آن­ها، سکونتگاه­های روستایی شهرستان­های آذربایجان غربی رتبه­بندی و سطح بندی فضایی شدند. نتایج پژوهش نشان می‌دهد که سکونتگاه­های روستایی شهرستان‌های ارومیه و خوی درهر دو مدل بارتبه 1و2 با وضعیت مطلوب در سطح اول و دوم قرارگرفته‌ و سکونتگاه­های روستایی شهرستان‌های سلماس، مهاباد، تکاب، پیرانشهر، نقده، شاهین دژ، سردشت، اشنویه، چالدران با کسب رتبه‌های ششم تا چهاردهم در سطح چهارم جای گرفته‌اند. نتایج مشاهدات میدانی صورت گرفته نشان داد در نابرابری فضایی موجود، علاوه بر تعداد جمعیت، عامل فاصله نیز اثرگذار است. به طوری که با افزایش فاصله از مرکز شهر، از شدت برخورداری از امکانات و خدمات کاسته می­شود. این امر حاصل نتایج سیاست­های رشد قطبی است که در نتیجه آن تمام امکانات و قدرت در یک یا چند منطقه تمرکز می­یابد و سایر مناطق به صورت حاشیه­ای عمل می­کنند. در نهایت با توجه به عدم تعادل فضایی موجود، پیشنهادهایی ارائه شده است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عدالت فضایی؛ خدمات بهداشتی- درمانی؛ سکونتگاه‌های روستایی؛ استان آذربایجان غربی

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