Surface Degradation of Polymer Matrix Composites Under Different Low Thermal Cycling Conditions

Journal of Solid Mechanics

مقاله 5، دوره 9، شماره 1، خرداد 2017، صفحه 54-62   

نوع مقاله: Research Paper

نویسندگان

A.R Ghasemi^* ؛ M Moradi

Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Department of Solid Mechanics, University of Kashan, Kashan, Iran

چکیده

The principal effects of mass degradation on polymer matrix composites (PMCs) are the decay of mechanical properties such as strength, elongation, and resilience. This degradation is a common problem of the PMCs under thermal cycling conditions. In this article, composite degradation was investigated by measurement of total mass loss (TML) using the Taguchi approach. Thermal cycling tests were performed using a developed thermal cycling apparatus. Weight loss experiments were performed on the glass fiber/epoxy laminates under different number of thermal cycles and temperature differences. Also, The specimens had various fiber volume fractions and stacking sequences. Statistical analysis is performed to study contribution of each factor. Based on weight loss rates, a regression model was presented to evaluate the TML of laminated composite materials samples. It was found that the temperature differences and fiber volume fraction are the most effective factors of surface degradation with 61 and 22 percent contribution. Also, under the similar experimental conditions, the [0]₈ layups exhibits 44 and 35.7 percent more mass loss than the [0/±45/90]_s and [02/902]_s layups, respectively.

کلیدواژه‌ها

Thermal cycling؛ Total mass loss؛ Polymer matrix composites (PMCs)؛ Taguchi Method؛ Stacking sequence

مراجع

[1] Sethi S., Ray B.Ch., 2014, Environmental effects on fibre reinforced polymeric composites: Evolving reasons and remarks on interfacial strength and stability, Advances in Colloid and Interface Science 217: 43-67.
[2] Chung K., Seferis J.C., Nam J.D., 2000, Investigation of thermal degradation behavior of polymeric composites: prediction of thermal cycling effect from isothermal data, Composites: Part A 31: 945-957.
[3] Meyer M.R., Friedman R.J., Schutte H.D.J., Jr L.R.A., 1994, Long-term durability of the interface in FRP composites after exposure to simulated physiologic saline environments, Journal of Biochemical Materials Research 28: 1221-1231.
[4] Yu Q., Chen P., Gao Y., Mu J., Chen Y., Lu Ch., Liu D., 2011, Effects of vacuum thermal cycling on mechanical and physical properties of high performance carbon/bismaleimide composite, Materials Chemistry and Physics 130: 1046-1053.
[5] Moon J.B., Kim M. G., Kim Ch. G., Bhowmik Sh., 2011, Improvement of tensile properties of CFRP composites under LEO space environment by applying MWNTs and thin-ply, Composites: Part A 42: 694-701.
[6] Paillous A. Pailler C., 1994, Degradation of multiply polymer–matrix composites induced by space environment, Composites 25(4): 287-295.
[7] Chao Zh., Binienda K.W., Morscher G.N., Martin R.E., Kohlman L.W., 2013, Experimental and FEM study of thermal cycling induced microcracking in carbon/epoxy triaxial braided composites, Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing 46: 34-44.
[8] Nam J.D., Seferis J.C., 1992, Anisotropic thermo-oxidative stability of carbon fiber reinforced polymeric composites, SAMPE Quarterly 24: 10-18.
[9] Shin K.B., Kim C.G., Hong C.S., Lee H.H., 2000, Prediction of failure thermal cycles in graphite/epoxy composite materials under simulated low earth orbit environments, Composites Part B 31(3): 223-235.
[10] Lafarie-Frenot M.C., 2006, Damage mechanisms induced by cyclic ply-stresses in carbon–epoxy laminates: Environmental effects, International Journal of Fatigue 28(10): 1202-1216.
[11] Lafarie-Frenot M.C., Grandidier J.C., Gigliotti M., Olivier L., Colin X., Verdu J., Cinquin J., 2010, Thermo-oxidation behaviour of composite materials at high temperatures: A review of research activities carried out within the COMEDI program, Polymer Degradation and Stability 95(6): 965-974.
[12] Taguchi G., Konishi S., 1987, Taguchi Methods, Orthogonal Arrays and Linear Graphs, Tools for Quality Engineering, American Supplier Institute Dearborn.
[13] Dobrzañski L.A., Domaga J., Silva J.F., 2007, Application of taguchi method in the optimization of filament winding of thermoplastic composites, Archives of Materials Science and Engineering 28(3): 133-140.
[14] Ghasemi A.R., Baghersad R., Sereshk M.R.V., 2011, Non-linear behavior of polymer based composite laminates under cyclic thermal shock and its effects on residual stresses, Journal of Polymer Science and Technology 24(2): 133-140.
[15] Ghasemi A.R., Baghersad R., 2012, Analytical and experimental studies of cyclic thermal shock effects on nonlinear behavior of composite laminates, Journal of Aeronautical Engineering 14(2): 11-16.
[16] ASTM, D. D 3039M-95a, 1997, Standard test method for tensile properties of polymer matrix composite materials.
[17] MINITAB 17 statistical software, Minitab Inc, 2013.
[18] Colin X., Marais C., Verdu J., 2002 , Kinetic modelling and simulation of gravimetric curves: application to the oxidation of bismaleimide and epoxy resins, Polymer Degradation and Stability 78: 545-553.