بررسی کمیت و کیفیت علوفه شبدر برسیم ‏‎(Trifolium alexandrinum L.) ‎‏ ‏با کاربرد سویه‌‌های باکتری ‏Pseudomonas putida‏ و کود فسفره در کشت دوم

اکوفیزیولوژی گیاهان زراعی

مقاله 4، دوره 11، 1(41) بهار، خرداد 1396، صفحه 51-68   

نوع مقاله: علمی پژوهشی

نویسندگان

محمدحسین انصاری^{* 1}؛ مهدی قدیمی²

¹استادیار گروه زراعت دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد رشت

²دانش‌آموخته کارشناسی ارشد زراعت، واحد رشت، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، رشت، ایران. ‏

چکیده

اثر برخی از سویه‌های باکتری سودوموناس پوتیدا همراه با سطوح مختلف کود شیمیایی فسفر بر خصوصیات کمّی و کیفی علوفه شبدر برسیم طی آزمایشی به­صورت فاکتوریل با طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی در سه تکرار در منطقه فومن استان گیلان به­صورت کشت دوم، پس از برداشت برنج، بررسی شد. سطوح کودی شامل سه سطح فسفر (صفر، ۷۵ و 1۵0 کیلوگرم سوپرفسفات تریپل در هکتار) و سویه‌های باکتری در چهار سطح (سویه‌های M₂₁،  M₁₆₈و M₅ و بدون تلقیح با باکتری) بودند. نتایج نشان داد که کاربرد کود فسفر منجر به افزایش pH خاک در طول دوره رشد گیاه شد، در حالی که سویه‌های باکتری pH خاک را تعدیل نمودند. همچنین، تلقیح باکتریایی مقدار پروتئین خام، پروتئین قابل هضم علوفه، فعالیت فسفاتاز اسیدی و قلیایی خاک پیرامون ریشه را در مقایسه با تیمار عدم تلقیح افزایش ولی مقدار الیاف خام علوفه را کاهش داد. عملکرد علوفه تر شبدر، عملکرد پروتئین و مقدار فسفر شاخ و برگ نیز تحت تاثیر برهمکنش سویه‌های باکتری و کود شمیایی فسفر قرار گرفتند. بیشترین عملکردهای علوفه تر و پروتئین به­ترتیب با میانگین­های 16۱36 و ۲۷۴۶ کیلوگرم در هکتار از سویه M₅ در سطح ۱۵۰ کیلوگرم کود فسفات به­دست آمدند که نسبت به تیمار عدم تلقیح، عملکردهای علوفه و پروتئین را به­ترتیب ۴۹/۱۶ و ۱/۸ درصد افزایش داد. با توجه به نتایج به­دست آمده، کاربرد ۱۵۰ کیلوگرم کود شیمیایی فسفر در هکتار و تلقیح شبدر با باکتری سویه M₅ سودوموناس پوتیدا برای دست­یابی به حداکثر عملکرد و کیفیت علوفه آن در نظام کشت دوم در منطقه فومن می­تواند مؤثر باشد.  

کلیدواژه‌ها

آنزیم فسفاتاز؛ اسیدیته خاک؛ الیاف خام؛ پروتئین؛ فسفر

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