تحلیل جغرافیایی بر نقش سرمایه اجتماعی در کیفیت زندگی خانوارهای عشایری ( مطالعه موردی: ایل نوئی، طایفه زیلایی، شهرستان چرام، کهکیلویه و بویراحمد)

مطالعات برنامه ریزی سکونتگاه های انسانی

مقاله 11، دوره 12، شماره 2 - شماره پیاپی 39، شهریور 1396، صفحه 339-355   

نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

سروش سنایی مقدم^{* 1}؛ بهروز محمدی یگانه²

¹دانش آموخته کارشناسی ارشد جغرافیا و برنامه ریزی روستایی، دانشگاه زنجان، زنجان، ایران

²دانشیار گروه جغرافیا، دانشگاه زنجان، زنجان، ایران

چکیده

جوامع عشایری به‌عنوان جامعه سوم کشور از نظر جمعیتی بعد از جوامع شهری و روستایی، نقش مهم و بسزایی در توسعه اقتصادی، اجتماعی و فرهنگی کشور دارد. وجود سرمایه اجتماعی می‌باشد. وجود سرمایه اجتماعی مطلوب در این جوامع بر جنبه های مختلف زندگی عشایر تاثیرگذار بوده که یکی از این جنبه ها کیفیت زندگی است. سؤالی که در این زمینه مطرح می‌شود این است، بین سرمایه اجتماعی و کیفیت زندگی در نواحی عشایری موردمطالعه چه رابطه‌ای وجود دارد؟ هدف پژوهش حاضر تحلیل جغرافیایی بر نقش سرمایه اجتماعی در کیفیت زندگی خانوارهای عشایری در محدوده مورد مطالعه می‌باشد. روشتحقیق  توصیفی- تحلیلی می‌باشد. نوع تحقیق کاربردی می‌باشد روش گردآوری اطلاعات به‌صورت کتاب‌خانه‌ای و میدانی (پرسشنامه و مصاحبه)، جهت تجزیه‌وتحلیل اطلاعات از آمار توصیفی (میانگین، انحراف معیار و واریانس) و آمار استنباطی (ضریب همبستگی، تحلیل مسیر و کای دو) استفاده‌شده است. جامعه آماری تحقیق، تمامی خانوارهای عشایر ایل نوئی می‌باشد، در سرشماری نفوس و مسکن سال 1390، ایل نوئی دارای 7 روستای دارای سکنه، 4450 نفر جمعیت و 1105 خانوار بوده است. طبق فرمول کوکران، تعداد نمونه لازم جهت تکمیل پرسشنامه 138 خانوار به دست آمد. همچنین انتخاب خانوارها در سطح عشایر، به‌صورت تصادفی ساده است تا اصل فرصت برابر به‌منظور انتخاب خانوارها رعایت شده باشد. نتایج تحقیق نشان می دهد بین سرمایه اجتماعی و کیفیت زندگی خانوارهای عشایر رابطه مستقیم و معنی داری وجود دارد. بررسی ها نشان می دهد، وجود مشارکت اجتماعی که در غالب مراسم های مختلف انجام می شود مهم ترین بعد سرمایه اجتماعی موثر بر کیفیت زندگی خانوارهای عشایر می باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

اعتماد اجتماعی؛ انسجام اجتماعی؛ مشارکت؛ توسعه انسانی؛ استان کهگیلویه و بویراحمد

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