Response of Almond Genotypes/Cultivars Grafted on GN15 ‘Garnem’ Rootstock in Deficit-Irrigation Stress Conditions

Journal of Nuts

مقاله 5، دوره 08، شماره 02، اسفند 2017، صفحه 123-135   

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22034/jon.2017.536243

نویسندگان

Hossein Fathi¹؛ Ali Imani²؛ Mohammad Esmaeel Amiri¹؛ Jafar Hajilou³؛ Jaefar Nikbakht⁴

¹Department of Horticultural Science, College of Agriculture, University of Zanjan, Zanjan, Iran

²Temperate Fruit Research Center, Horticultural Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran

³Department of Horticultural Science, College of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran

⁴Department of Water Engineering, College of Agriculture, University of Zanjan, Zanjan, Iran

چکیده

This study was conducted to evaluate the response of Iranian promisinglate blooming almond genotypes to deficit-irrigation stress on GN15 rootstock. One-year old plants subjectedto three deficit-irrigation, including moderate and severe stress (soil water potential, Ψ_soil = -0.8 and -1.6 MPa, respectively) and a control treatment (Ψ_soil= -0.33 MPa), were applied for six weeks to five grafting combinations. A factorial experiment was conducted with a CRD which included three irrigations factors, five genotype factors and three replications. Genotypes/cultivarsincluded: ‘K3-3-1’, ‘H’, ‘13-40’, ‘Sahand’ and ‘Ferragness’ grafted on GN15 rootstock. Deficit-irrigation stress caused a significant reduction in plant growth parameters such as fresh and dry weights of plant organs, leafnumber, and total leafarea and leaf relativewatercontent in all almond  genotypes and cultivars. Specific leaf weight (SLW) and leafabscission also significantly increased  in drought-treated plants compared to the control group. Total shoot length, individual leaf area, leaf dimension (length and width), stomatal size and frequency were decreased in response to deficit-irrigation treatments. In response to stress, the‘Ferragnes’ and ‘Sahand’ cultivars on GN15 rootstock showed the highest relative water content (RWC) among the genotypes and showed the smallest decrease in fresh and dry weights of organs. The ’13-40’ and ‘K3-3-1’ genotypes showed the greatest leaf abscission and a decrease in the total leaf area, (the most reduction in transpiration area). 

کلیدواژه‌ها

GN15؛ growth parameters؛ rwc؛ SLW

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