اثر محلول‌پاشی اسیدهای آمینه بر خصوصیات رشدی و فیزیولوژیکی گوجه‌فرنگی در شرایط تنش شوری

بوم شناسی گیاهان زراعی

مقاله 5، دوره 13، شماره 3 - شماره پیاپی 49، آبان 1396، صفحه 41-50   

نوع مقاله: پژوهشی

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22034/aej.2017.537585

نویسندگان

محسن پورسلطان هوجقان¹؛ حسین آرویی^{* 1}؛ سید جلالدین طباطبائی²؛ سیدحسین نعمتی¹

¹گروه باغبانی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد؛ مشهد، ایران

²گروه فیزیولوژی و تغذیه گیاهی دانشگاه شاهد، تهران، ایران

چکیده

شوری آب و خاک یکی از مشکلات عمده کشاورزی در مناطق خشک و نیمه‌خشک جهان است که منجر به محدودیت کشت و کار و کاهش میزان تولید محصول می ­شود. یکی از راه‌های کاهش خسارت تنش شوری، استفاده از کودهای زیستی و سازگار با محیط‌زیست در فرآیند تولید محصول می‌باشد. در این راستا، آزمایشی به صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی با سه تکرار اجرا شد. فاکتور اول شوری در سه سطح 0، 30 و 60 میلی مولار و فاکتور دوم اسیدآمینه شامل آرژنین، تریپتوفان، پرولین و بدون اسیدآمینه بود. اثرات متقابل شوری و اسیدآمینه بر تعداد خوشه، مقدار پرولین، درصد نشت الکترولیت و کلروفیل کل و اثرات ساده آنها بر طول ساقه، تعداد برگ و گره معنی­دار بود. با افزایش سطح شوری، طول ساقه، تعداد برگ و تعداد گره کاهش یافت و مصرف اسیدآمینه موجب افزایش تعداد برگ شده ولی در تعداد گره و طول ساقه، پرولین اثر مثبت بیشتری نشان داد. نقش منفی تنش شوری و مثبت پرولین در تعداد خوشه و مقدار کلروفیل کل و نقش مثبت شوری در افزایش مقدار پرولین و درصد نشت الکترولیت برگ بارز بود. بنابراین، در شرایط تنش شوری در مزارع و نیز افزایش املاح خاک و آب آبیاری در گلخانه، با استفاده کودهای زیستی می­توان شرایط رشد در گوجه­ فرنگی را بهبود بخشید.

کلیدواژه‌ها

 آرژنین؛  پرولین؛  تریپتوفان؛  ضد تنش؛  کود زیستی

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