اثر زئولیت بر کاهش اثرات تنش خشکی در ارقام مختلف کلزا در شرایط اقلیمی فیروزکوه

بوم شناسی گیاهان زراعی

مقاله 4، دوره 13، شماره 4 - شماره پیاپی 50، بهمن 1396، صفحه 33-47   

نوع مقاله: پژوهشی

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22034/aej.2018.538879

نویسنده

مهدی عشری^*

باشگاه پژوهشگران جوان و نخبگان، واحد فیروزکوه، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، فیروزکوه، ایران

چکیده

به منظور تعیین نقش زئولیت در کاهش اثرات تنش خشکی در چند رقم کلزا، آزمایش مزرعه ­­ای در شرایط اقلیمی فیروزکوه به صورت فاکتوریل کرت خرد شده در قالب طرح بلوک­ های کامل تصادفی در منطقه  فیروزکوه انجام شد. ارقام کلزا شامل Kr18، Karaj1، Ks12، Goliath، Hyola401، Karaj2، Eagle، SW،  Come و Hyola420 بودند. دو عامل میزان آبیاری و کاربرد یا عدم کاربرد زئولیت در کرت­ های اصلی و ارقام کلزا در کرت­ های فرعی قرار گرفتند. آبیاری در سه سطح شامل آبیاری معمول، قطع آبیاری از مرحله گلدهی و خورجین­ دهی انجام شد. زئولیت به میزان 8 تن در هکتار قبل از کاشت همراه با شخم اولیه، توزین و به خاک اضافه شد. اجزای عملکرد تحت شرایط تنش خشکی کاهش یافت و منجر به کاهش عملکرد دانه گردید. کاربرد زئولیت منجر به افزایش عملکرد دانه و روغن دانه شد.  بیشترین عملکرد دانه در آبیاری مطلوب بدون توجه به کاربرد زئولیت به دست آمد. در شرایط کاربرد زئولیت رقم Kr18 بیشترین عملکرد را به خود اختصاص داد ولی در صورت عدم استفاده از زئولیت رقم Eagle گزینه­ مناسب ­تری بود. در شرایط تنش آبی، استفاده از زئولیت برای جلوگیری از کاهش عملکرد، توصیه می ­شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

 استرس خشکی؛  تنش آبی؛  رژیم آبیاری؛  سوپرجاذب؛  قطع آبیاری

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