اثر مقادیر مختلف اوره بر برخی ویژگی‌های مورفولوژیک و فیتوشیمیایی گیاه دارویی کنگر فرنگی

بوم شناسی گیاهان زراعی

مقاله 5، دوره 13، شماره 4 - شماره پیاپی 50، بهمن 1396، صفحه 49-60   

نوع مقاله: پژوهشی

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22034/aej.2018.538933

نویسندگان

مرضیه اله دادی^{* 1}؛ لاله مشرف بروجنی²

¹دانش آموخته دکتری اکولوژی گیاهان زراعی دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه تبریز، تبریز، ایران

²بخش تحقیقات فنی و مهندسی کشاورزی، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان اصفهان، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، اصفهان، ایران

چکیده

استفاده مناسب از کودهای نیتروژنی و بهینه نمودن مدیریت مصرف آن در گیاهان از اهمیت به سزایی برخوردار می­ باشد. در این راستا به منظور بررسی اثر مقادیر مختلف کود نیتروژنی بر برخی صفات مورفولوژیک و فیتوشیمیایی گیاه دارویی کنگر فرنگی، آزمایشی در قالب طرح بلوک­ های کامل تصادفی در شرایط مزرعه ­ای در اصفهان انجام شد. تیمارها کاربرد مقادیر مختلف کود نیتروژنی صفر، 100، 150 و 200 کیلوگرم در هکتار نیتروژن خالص از منبع اوره بودند. در این آزمایش صفات مورفولوژیکی شامل ارتفاع ساقه، تعداد برگ و کاپیتول در بوته و صفات کیفی از جمله مقدار فنل کل، فلاونوئید کل و فعالیت آنتی­ اکسیدانی اندازه­ گیری شدند. نتایج نشان داد که با افزایش مصرف کود اوره از صفر تا 200 کیلوگرم نیتروژن خالص در هکتار ارتفاع ساقه، تعداد برگ و کاپیتول در بوته افزایش یافت ولی میزان فنل کل، فلاونوئید کل و فعالیت آنتی­ اکسیدانی کاهش یافت. اگر چه نیتروژن یک عنصر ضروری برای رشد و توسعه این گیاه است اما به دلیل اینکه مصرف سطوح بالای کود شیمیایی نیتروژنی تاثیر منفی بر صفات کیفی این گیاه دارد و همچنین با توجه به آثار سوء زیست محیطی ناشی از مصرف بی­رویه کودهای شیمیایی، جهت حصول عملکرد کمی و کیفی مطلوب پیشنهاد می­ شود از کود اوره به میزان 100 کیلوگرم نیتروژن خالص در هکتار استفاده شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

 فلاونوئید کل؛  فنل کل؛  کود نیتروژنی؛  مدیریت کود؛  مهارکنندگی رادیکال آزاد

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