ارزیابی کاربری اراضی شهری با رویکرد عدالت فضایی (مطالعه موردی: شهر زنجان)

مطالعات برنامه ریزی سکونتگاه های انسانی

مقاله 11، دوره 13، شماره 2 - شماره پیاپی 43، شهریور 1397، صفحه 445-464   

نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

محمد سلمانی مقدم^{* 1}؛ حسن خدابنده لو²؛ عباس درودی نیا³؛ نگین سادات میرواحدی⁴

¹استادیار، گروه جغرافیا و برنامه‌ریزی شهری، دانشگاه حکیم سبزواری، سبزوار، ایران

²دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد جغرافیا و برنامه‌ریزی شهری، دانشگاه حکیم سبزواری، سبزوار، ایران

³دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد جغرافیا و برنامه‌ریزی شهری، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران

⁴دانشجوی دکترای جغرافیا و برنامه‌ریزی روستایی، دانشگاه شهید بهشتی، تهران، ایران

چکیده

با رشد فزاینده شهرنشینی در جهان؛ شهرهای کشورهای درحال‌توسعه و ازجمله ایران، با عدم تعادل‌های خدماتی و پراکنش جمعیت و رشد بی‌قواره شهری مواجه بوده‌اند؛ به‌طوری‌که ناپایداری حاصل از آن، به شکل عدم تعادل‌های فضایی- اجتماعی و با نمودهایی همچون محرومیت شهروندان از خدمات و تسهیلات شهری، افزایش شکاف طبقاتی و تشدید تفاوت مناطق شمال و جنوب شهر و غیره نمایان شده است. لذا با توجه به مفاهیم عدالت فضایی و اجتماعی و برای تحقق این اهداف؛ رفع نابرابری‌های اجتماعی، اقتصادی، کاهش آسیب‌پذیری اقشار کم‌درآمد، توزیع بهینه خدمات و امکانات، توجه به نیازهای اساسی شهروندان در شهرها موضوعی حیاتی و اجتناب‌ناپذیر می‌باشد. کاربری اراضی شهری ازجمله مواردی است که با کارکرد مطلوب خود از طریق پاسخگویی به نیاز جمعیتی، افزایش منفعت عمومی؛ جایگاهی مهمی را در این زمینه ایفا می‌کند. به همین منظور این پژوهش با بررسی و ارزیابی کاربری‌های شهری با رویکرد عدالت فضایی در شهر زنجان به دنبال شناسایی وضعیت موجود می‌باشد. نوشتار حاضر ازنظر هدف با رویکردی کاربردی و ازنظر روش توصیفی- تحلیلی می‌باشد که پس از تشریح مفاهیم با روش کتابخانه‌ای، با در نظر گرفتن دو شاخص تأثیرگذار در کاربری اراضی و با به‌کارگیری نرم‌افزار ArcGIS، در چارچوب مدل میانگین نزدیک‌ترین همسایه (RN)، آنتروپی و سرانه و سطح مطلوب، کاربری‌های شهری را موردبررسی و ارزیابی قرار داده است. نتایج نشان می‌دهد که توزیع و پراکنش و سازمان‌یابی کاربری‌های خدماتی در شهر زنجان به‌صورت متمرکز و با عدم تعادل فضایی روبرو بوده و همراه با آشفتگی و اختلاف فاحش کمی و کیفی در مناطق سه‌گانه زنجان است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

کاربری اراضی شهری؛ تحلیل ظرفیت؛ آنتروپی؛ عدالت اجتماعی؛ شهر زنجان

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