One-pot synthesis of 2-amino-3-cyanopyridine derivatives catalyzed by zinc zirconium phosphate in solvent-free conditions

Iranian Journal of Catalysis

مقاله 4، دوره 7، شماره 2، شهریور 2017، صفحه 121-129   

نوع مقاله: Articles

نویسنده

Hirbod Karimi^*

Young Researchers and Elite Club, Shahreza Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shahreza, Iran.

چکیده

A simple and efficient procedure for the synthesis of 2-amino-3-cyanopyridines from aldehydes, ketones, malononitrile, and ammonium acetate via one-pot reaction is reported. Zinc zirconium phosphate (ZPZn) nanoparticles were used as a convenient and efficient catalyst for this multicomponent reaction (MCR) under solvent-free conditions, and fair to excellent yields were achieved. The catalyst was characterized by ICP-OES, XRD, NH₃-TPD, Py-FTIR, N₂ adsorption-desorption, SEM, and TEM. The steric and electronic properties of the different substrates had a significant influence on the reaction conditions. The catalyst was recovered and reused at least six times without any discernible decrease in its catalytic activity. This procedure tolerates most of the substrates and has the advantages of short reaction times, high yields, and environmentally friendly.

کلیدواژه‌ها

Zinc zirconium phosphate؛ Nanoparticles؛ Multi-component reactions؛ Solvent-free؛ Solid catalyst

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