ارزیابی تحمل جو به عنصر مس در مرحله جوانه‌زنی بذر و رشد اولیه گیاهچه در حضور قارچ تریکودرما

تحقیقات بذر

مقاله 2، دوره 9، شماره 30، خرداد 1398، صفحه 12-22   

نویسندگان

مهدیه مظاهر^{* 1}؛ سعید خماری²؛ احمد جوادی³؛ مهدی داوری⁴

¹کارشناسی‌ارشد، علوم و تکنولوژی بذر، گروه زراعت، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، ایران

²دانشیار، فیزیولوژی گیاهان زراعی، گروه زراعت، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، ایران

³دکتری، علوم و تکنولوژی بذر، گروه زراعت، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، ایران

⁴دانشیار، بیماری شناسی گیاهی- قارچ‌شناسی، گروه گیاهپزشکی، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، ایران

چکیده

غلظت بالای عنصر مس باعث مسمومیت و آسیب به سلول­های موجودات زنده می­شود. قارچ تریکودرما با آزادسازی ترکیباتی، مقاومت به تنش­های زنده و غیرزنده را تحریک می­کند. به منظور ارزیابی اثر قارچ Trichoderma harzianum T₄₄₇ بر رشد و استقرار گیاهچه­های جو بهاره تحت اعمال چهار سطح فلز سنگین مس (CuSO₄)، آزمایش حاضر به صورت فاکتوریل بر پایه طرح بلوک­های کامل تصادفی در سه تکرار اجرا شد. عوامل آزمایشی شامل چهار سطح پیش­تیمار (شاهد، هیدروپرایمینگ، بیوپرایمینگ، تلقیح بستر کشت با قارچ تریکودرما) و چهار سطح سولفات مس(2، 40، 80، 120  میکرومولار) در محلول هوگلند و آرنون بود. نتایج نشان داد سطوح مختلف CuSO₄ بر طول گیاهچه و وزن خشک بوته تا سطح سوم (80 میکرومولار) اثر افزایشی و در سطح چهارم (120 میکرومولار) اثر کاهشی داشت، تلقیح تریکودرما باعث افزایش حدوداً 23، 6، 62، 52، 13 و 27 درصدی به‌ترتیب درصد سبز شدن، سرعت سبز شدن، یکنواختی سبز شدن، قدرت گیاهچه، طول گیاهچه و وزن خشک بوته گیاهچه جو شد. اثرات متقابل تیمارهای آزمایشی در سطح یک درصد بر پرولین معنی­دار بود و افزایش سطوح عنصر مس باعث افزایش محتوای پرولین گردید، پیش­تیمار بذرها، با افزایش مقدار پرولین تا حدودی اثرات سوء ناشی از بیش­بود مس را کاهش داد. به طور کلی تلقیح تریکودرما باعث افزایش طول گیاهچه و وزن خشک بوته، شاخص­های سبز شدن و محتوای پرولین گیاه جو شد در نتیجه گیاه جو می­تواند تا سطح 80 میکرومولار مس مقاومت داشته باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

بیوپرایمینگ؛ تلقیح با بستر کشت؛ نمک مس؛ هیدروپرایمینگ

مراجع

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