ارزیابی تأثیر بافت اسلامی بر احساس امنیت بر اساس اصول نسل دوم CPTED (مطالعه موردی: محلّه فهادان شهر یزد)

مطالعات برنامه ریزی سکونتگاه های انسانی

مقاله 1، دوره 14، شماره 2 - شماره پیاپی 47، شهریور 1398، صفحه 275-292   

نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

کرامت اله زیاری¹؛ محمدسینا شهسواری²؛ اسماعیل نجفی^{* 2}

¹استاد دانشکده جغرافیا، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران

²دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد، جغرافیا و برنامه‌ریزی شهری، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران

چکیده

احساس امنیت همواره یکی از نیازهای اساسی انسان در طول تاریخ بوده است. لذا هدف از انجام این تحقیق بررسی این نکته است که آیا اصول نسل دوم CPTED در میزان احساس امنیت بافت اسلامی محله فهادان یزد تأثیرگذار بوده است یا خیر؟ در این پژوهش از چهار شاخص فرهنگ جمعی، نظارت اجتماعی، آستانه ظرفیت و همبستگی اجتماعی به‌عنوان معیارهای نسل دوم CPTED استفاده شده است. همچنین از شاخص احساس امنیت نیز به عنوان متغیر وابسته استفاده شده است. روش این تحقیق پیمایشی است و از طریق پرسش­نامه انجام شده است. جامعه آماری تحقیق کلیه ساکنین محله فهادان شهر یزد می­باشد که به روش کوکران نمونه‌ای به حجم 364 نفر به صورت تصادفی اتتخاب شده است. برای بررسی اینکه آیا احساس امنیت در این بافت وجود دارد از آزمون T استفاده شد. در مرحله بعد با توجه به نوع متغیرها، از آزمون همبستگی پیرسون استفاده گردید. نتایج تحقیق بیانگر آن است که میزان احساس امنیت در محله فهادان با میانگین 62/3 در طیف لیکرت از وضعیت مساعدی برخوردار است، اما این شاخص با اصول نسل دوم CPTED در بافت اسلامی رابطه کاملا معکوسی دارد. همچنین در بررسی میزان احساس امنیت به تفکیک جنسیت مشخص شد که مردان در بافت اسلامی برخلاف زنان با توجه به این اصول از احساس امنیت بیشتری برخوردار هستند. با تحلیل نتایج بدست آمده این نکته مشخص می­شود که احساس امنیت موجود در بافت اسلامی ناشی از اصول نسل دوم  CPTED نمی­باشد و اصولآ دلیل آن را باید در موارد دیگری جست­وجو کرد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

احساس امنیت؛ بافت اسلامی؛ اصول نسل دوم CPTED؛ فهادان؛ یزد

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