ازریابی شیوه های بازسازی سکونتگاههای روستایی بعد از سانحه زلزله با تاکید بر سرزندگی روستایی، مطالعه موردی: دهستان دستجرده- شهرستان طارم

مطالعات برنامه ریزی سکونتگاه های انسانی

مقاله 6، دوره 14، شماره 2 - شماره پیاپی 47، شهریور 1398، صفحه 359-376   

نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

جمشید عینالی^{* 1}؛ بهروز محمدی یگانه²؛ زهرا محمدی³

¹استادیار گروه جغرافیا، دانشگاه زنجان، زنجان، ایران

²دانشیار گروه جغرافیا، دانشگاه زنجان، زنجان، ایران

³دانش آموخته کارشناسی ارشد جغرافیا و برنامه‌ریزی شهری، دانشگاه زنجان، زنجان، ایران

چکیده

بازسازی سکونتگاههای روستایی آسیب‌دیده از سوانح طبیعی بویژه زلزله یکی از مهم‌ترین رویکردهای مدیریت سانحه به شمار می‌آید و تلاش‌های صورت گرفته در این مرحله تاثیرات متعددی بر توسعه روستایی به طور خاص بر روی سرزندگی ساکنین دارد. به طور کلی سه سیاست عمده بازسازی از قبیل تجمیع، جابجایی و درجاسازی مورد استفاده برنامه‌ریزان قرار می‌گیرد هدف پژوهش‌ حاضر ارزیابی شیوه‌های بازسازی سکونتگا‌ههای روستایی بعد از سانحه زلزله 1369و تاثیر آن بر سرزندگی روستایی می-باشد. پژوهش حاضر از نوع کاربردی و روش تحلیلی- توصیفی مبتنی بر گردآوری داده‌های مورد نیاز از طریق مطالعه میدانی طریق پرسشنامه‌ است. 13 نقطه روستایی واقع در محدوده سیاسی دهستان دستجرده (شهرستان طارم) برای مطالعه انتخاب شده است. تعداد خانوار ساکن در دهستان در سال 1390، بالغ بر 2083 مورد بوده، که با استفاده از فرمول کوکران تعداد 280 خانوار به عنوان نمونه انتخاب گردیدو پرسشنامه به صورت تصادفی ساده در روستاهای مورد مطالعه توزیع شده است. برای تجزیه و تحلیل داده‌ها از آزمون‌های آماری نظیر t تک نمونه‌ای، t دو نمونه‌ای، تحلیل عاملی و کروسکال والیس استفاده شده است. نتایج تحقیق نشان ‌می-دهد که بازسازی روستاهای آسیب‌دیده از زلزله تاثیر منفی بر روی شاخص‌های سرزندگی ساکنین داشته و براساس میانگین، تغییرات در سطح 99 درصد معنادار باشد. براساس آزمون لونز تفاوت ایجاد شده توسط دو شیوه متفاوت در شاخص‌های سرزندگی آسایش، بهداشت‌محیط، ایمنی و امنیت، زیرساخت‌ها، زیباشناسی معنادار گزارش شده است. نتایج آزمون تحلیل کروسکال والیس جهت رتبه‌بندی سکونتگاه‌های بازسازی شده نشان می‌دهد، بیشترین تغییرات در ابعاد سرزندگی در روستای دستجرده صورت گرفته است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

مدیریت سانحه؛ بازسازی پس از سانحه؛ سرزندگی؛ استان زنجان

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