سنجش آسیب پذیری ساختار شهری از منظر پدافند غیر عامل در زمان بحران (مطالعه موردی: شهر گمیشان)

مطالعات برنامه ریزی سکونتگاه های انسانی

مقاله 15، دوره 14، شماره 2 - شماره پیاپی 47، شهریور 1398، صفحه 509-530   

نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

حسن حسینی امینی¹؛ حسین موسی زاده^{* 2، 3}؛ امیر بخشی⁴؛ رضا سارلی⁵

¹مربی مرکز مطالعات پدافند غیرعامل، دانشجوی دکتری جغرافیا و برنامه ریزی شهری و مدرس دانشگاه.

²مدرس گروه جغرافیا، واحد گرمسار، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، گرمسار، ایران

³دانشجوی دکتری، گروه علوم منطقه ایی، دانشگاه اتوش لوراند، دانشکده علوم، بوداپست، مجارستان.

⁴استادیار گروه جغرافیا، دانشگاه پیام نور، تهران، ایران.

⁵کارشناس جغرافیا و برنامه ریزی شهری، دانشگاه گلستان.

چکیده

بشر در طول تاریخ همواره صحنه های جنگ وبرخوردهای نظامی را تجربه کرده وکمتر سرزمینی از این آفت مصون مانده است تقویت تاسیسات دفاعی شهری،تعبیه راه‌های گریز از خطر، بهبود وضع خدماتی که در زمان دفاع ضرورت می یابد امری ضروری و اجتناب ناپذیر می‌باشد از این منظر تلاش آدمیان برای بقاء آنها را ناگزیر به تجهیز در برابر تهدیدات کرده است شهر به عنوان زیستگاه متراکم انسانی است که به دلیل حضور انسان، نیازمند امنیت و ایمنی در همه ابعاد کالبدی، اجتماعی، اقتصادی، فرهنگی و ... است بر اساس اهمیت موضوع، پژوهش حاضر با رویکرد توسعه‌ای – کاربردی و ترکیبی از روش‌های تحقیق توصیفی – تحلیلی به بررسی موضوع در شهر گمیشان پرداخته است و با ارائه رویکردی، شهر و عناصر شهری تاثیرگذار در موضوع پدافند غیر عامل از منظر فاصله از مرکز شهر گمیشان مورد تجزیه و تحلیل قرار می گیرند که به دنبال کاهش خسارات احتمالی حاصل از مخاطرات انسانی و طبیعی در شهر می باشد وقوع حوادث طبیعی و انسانی تلفات سنگینی را در شهرها ایجاد میکنداین مسئله توجه به ابعاد آسیب پزیری و دسیابی بیه استانداردها آسایش شهر از منظر پدافند غیرعامل را گریزناپذیر می کند به منظور شناخت عناصر آسیب پذیر با رویکرد پدافند غیر عامل در شهر گمیشان با توجه به مطالعات پیشین در این زمینه از روش سلسله مراتبی استفاده گردید در این راستا پس از شناسایی معیارها اقدام به تهیه پایگاه داده‌های مکانی در سامانه اطلاعات جغرافیایی) Arc GIS) شد

کلیدواژه‌ها

آسیب پذیری؛ ساختار شهری؛ پدافند غیر عامل؛ بحران؛ شهر گمیشان

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