تأثیر کاربرد سطوح مختلف کودهای آلی بر خصوصیات کمی و بیوشیمیایی گیاه دارویی (Salvia mirzayanii Rech. f. & Esfand)

اکوفیتوشیمی گیاهان دارویی

مقاله 6، دوره 7، شماره 2 - شماره پیاپی 26، شهریور 1398، صفحه 78-90   

نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

مهدی قسمتی^{* 1}؛ فرید مرادی نژاد²

¹علوم باغبانی دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه بیرجند

²دانشیار گروه علوم باغبانی و مرکز پژوهشی گیاهان ویژه منطقه دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه بیرجند

چکیده

به دلیل عدم آگاهی از پرورش مورتلخ (Salvia mirzayanii Rech. f. & Esfand) این گیاه به صورت غیر اصولی و بی رویه از عرصه‌های طبیعی مناطق جنوبی برداشت می‌شوند بنابراین برنامه‌های توسعه کشت و پرورش گیاه ضروری به‌نظر می‌رسد. در زمستان 1396 در مزرعه تحقیقاتی جهاد کشاورزی شهر لار آزمایشی جهت بررسی اثرات کودهای آلی شامل کود گوسفندی (20 ،40 تن در هکتار)، کود گاوی (20 ، 40 تن در هکتار)، کمپوست زباله شهری (10 ،20 تن در هکتار)، ورمی کمپوست (20 ،40 تن درهکتار) و شاهد (عدم مصرف کود) بر صفات کمی و شیمیایی گیاه مورتلخ در قالب طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی با 4 تکرار انجام شد. اواسط فروردین کل اندام رویشی گیاهان برداشت و وزن تر و خشک گیاه اندازه‌گیری شد و همچنین میزان آنتی اکسیدان کل، فنول و فلاونوئید برگ به روش اسپکتروفتومتری و درصد اسانس با روش تقطیر با آب و به وسیله دستگاه کلونجر تعیین گردید. نتایج نشان داد که بیشترین مقدار وزن تر و خشک بوته از تیمار 10 تن در هکتار کمپوست زباله شهری بدست آمد. بیشترین مقدار آنتی‌اکسیدان کل، فنول و فلاونوئید در تیمار 40 تن کود گاوی مشاهده شد. از بین تیمارهای مورد آزمایش فقط تیمار 10 تن در هکتار ورمی-کمپوست توانست افزایش معنی‌داری در مقدار اسانس نسبت به شاهد نشان دهد. بطورکلی وزن تر و خشک بوته بیشتر تحت تأثیر کود کمپوست زباله شهری افزایش یافت. تأثیر کودهای دامی بر مواد موثره نسبت به کود کمپوست بیشتر بود. و مقدار اسانس گیاه فقط تحت تأثیر ورمی‌کمپوست افزایش یافت.

کلیدواژه‌ها

کمپوست زباله شهری؛ کود گاوی؛ کود گوسفندی؛ مورتلخ

مراجع

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