واکاوی نقش دولت‌های محلی در توسعه پایدار شهری ( نمونه موردی : شهرهای ایران)

فصلنامه علمی و پژوهشی نگرش های نو در جغرافیای انسانی

مقاله 17، دوره 11، شماره 4 - شماره پیاپی 44، آبان 1398، صفحه 349-325   

نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی استخراج ازرساله و پایان نامه

نویسندگان

افشین متقی¹؛ آرش قربانی سپهر^{* 2}؛ زهرا سلطان محمدی³

¹دانشیار جغرافیای سیاسی دانشگاه خوارزمی ،تهران، ایران.

²دانشجوی دکترای جغرافیای سیاسی دانشگاه خوارزمی، تهران، ایران.

³دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد جغرافیای سیاسی دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، تهران ، ایران.

چکیده

چکیده
امروزه شهرها به عنوان مکان­های زیست بشر^[1] آنچنان جایگاهی یافته­اند که توسط مدیریتی مستقل اداره می­شوند. در این راستا شهرها، نیازمند مدیریتی هستند که بتواند زمینه ارتقاء کیفیت زندگی ساکنین شهری را در راستای توسعه پایدار شهری فراهم آورد. بدین ترتیب دولت­های محلی به عنوان تنها نهادهای محلی موجود در شهر که ارتباط نزدیکی با زندگی شهروندان شهری دارند، می­توانند نقش بسیار مؤثری در توسعه پایدارِ شهری ایفا نمایند. بدین ترتیب پژوهش حاضر با روش توصیفی- تحلیلی به دنبال تبیین نقش دولت­های محلی در توسعه پایدار شهری و در راستای آن ارئه مدلی مفهومی جهت توسعه پایدارِ شهرهای ایران می­باشد. نتایج تحقیق حاکی از آن است که روی آوردن به توسعه پایدار شهری در جهت ساختن شهر پایدار و شهروند سالم در ایران، ضروریست (بهداشت، کیفیت زندگی و پایداری محیط و سلامت شهروند) در اولویت اقدامات دولت­های محلی در راستای مدیریت شهری مد نظر قرار گیرد تا بتوان بسیاری از معضلات شهری را رفع نمود و در راستای آن توسعه پایدار شهری را در فضای شهرهای ایران مهیا ساخت.



[1]. در این نوشتار، اصطلاحات فلسفی «زیست جهانی»، «به سامان شدن»، «کامیابی»، «شادکامی»، «بالندگی» برگرفته از کتاب «مقدمه­ای به فلسفه علم جغرافیا» نوشته آرش قربانی سپهر بوده که به صورت ترکیبی در قالب فلسفی-کاربردی در این پژوهش از آن بهره گرفته شده است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

واژگان کلیدی: شهر؛ توسعه پایدار شهری؛ دولت‌های محلی؛ ایران

مراجع

References

Adham, J; Hatamvand,z, and Khani,s. (2010). The role of the municipality in managing sustainable urban development: Challenges and obstacles facing it, the place of public sport in the health and happiness of the citizens of Tehran's 2nd district, Tehran, Municipality of Tehran,idea city company. [In Persian]

Akbari, E.,and Akbari,M. (2017). Structural-Interpretative Modeling of Factors Affecting Tehran Metropolitan Life Existence, Journal of Planning and Space Design, Vol. 21, No. 1, pp.31-1. [In Persian]

Akhundi, A., and et al. (2008). The pathology of the City Administration in Iran, Quarterly Journal of Geographical Research, Volume 40, Issue 2. pp. 156-135. [In Persian]

Amanpour, S., Behmayi, H., and Akbarian,R. (2017). A Survey on Satisfaction of Citizens from Individual Variables Affecting the Quality of Life Environment (Case Study: Ahwaz Negative Localities Centers), Journal of New Attitudes in Human Geography, Vol. 9, No. 4, pp.155-141. [In Persian]

Amirkhani, M., et al. (2008). Citizens and Towns Empowerment Guide for Health Promotion, Tehran: Tehran City Study and Planning Center. [In Persian]

Ansari, Z., and Hosseinpour motlagh. M. and Ghorbani Sepehr,A.  (2018). A New Approach to Political Participation in Iran (Emphasizing the Role of Cyber Room in the Presidential Elections of the Twelfth), Iranian Geopolitical Association Press, Tehran. [In Persian]

Arjmand siahpoosh,E. (2015). Evaluation of variables of sustainable urban development status in Andimeshk city and providing a proportional model, Journal of Social Development Studies, Vol. 8, No. 1, pp. 83-67. [In Persian]

Burkepour, N., and Asad,I. (2009). Management and Administration of the City, Art University, Tehran. [In Persian]

Carr, R.K & et al (1964). American Democracy in Theory and Partice, NewYork: Holt, Rinehart and Winston Caulfield.

Clary, M, R. )2008). The entrepreneuriaicity, University of Nevada, Lasvegas, Public administration Review.

Dervishi,u., Amanollahpour, A, and ,Karimi,B. (2016). Role of Urban Management in Sustainable Urban Development ", First National Conference on Crisis Management, Safety, Health, Environment and Sustainable Development, Tehran Mehr-e Arvand Institution of Higher Education, Center for Achieving Sustainable Development. [In Persian]

Falex, K. (2002). Citizenship, translation by Mohammad Taghi Delfrooz, Kavir Publishing, Tehran.

Farana Consulting Engineers. (2000). Development Plan of Mashhad Metropolitan City Complex, Khorasan Razavi Housing and Urban Development Organization. [In Persian]

Ghadiri, M., and Mamassani,M. (2014). Comparative Analysis of Sustainable Development Indicators of Bushehr City with Urban Areas of the Country, Journal of Applied Geosciences Research, Vol. 14, No. 35, pp. 72-49. [In Persian]

Goodarzvand Chegini, M. (2015). Sustainable Development; Indices and Policies, Quarterly Journal of Global Politics, Vol. 4, No. 2, pp. 238-215. [In Persian]

Ghorbani sepehr, A. (2019). An Introduction to the Philosophy of Geography. Tehran: Iranian Association of Geopolitics (I.A.G.) Publications. [In Persian]

Ghorbani Sepehr,A. and JanParvar, M. (2017). Explaining the place of chastity and hijab from the perspective of citizenship rights, Tehran. Proceedings of the National Conference on Scientific and Applied Approaches to Chastity and Hijab, Al-Zahra University. [In Persian]

Hafeznia,M., and Kaviani Rad,M. (2013). New Horizons in Political Geography, Publication of the Seventh, Fourth Edition, Tehran. [In Persian]

Hojjati Ashrafi, Gh. (2004).  The complete set of laws and regulations of the municipality and Islamic councils, with the latest amendments and extensions, Tehran, Ganj Danesh publishing, thirteenth edition. [In Persian]

JanParvar, M., and Ghorbani Sepehr,A. (2017). Urban Geopolitics, Iran Geopolitics Association Press, Tehran. [In Persian]

Kazemian, Gh., and Saeedi Rezvani,N. (2004). Feasibility of New Tasks for Municipalities (Vol. 3), Tehran: Publications of the Municipality Organization. [In Persian]

Kazemian, Gh., Ghorbani Zadeh, V., and Shafia,S. (2012). Achieving Local Sustainable Development through the Social Capacity of Residents and Economic Opportunities in the Informal Neighborhood (Case Study: Shemiran Neu Neighborhood), Quarterly Journal of Urban Studies, No. 4, pp. 10-1. [In Persian]

Khakpour, B.,, Mafi, E, and Bavan Puri,A. (2009). The Role of Social Capital in Sustainable Neighborhood Development, Journal of Geography and Regional Development, No. 12, pp. 81-55. [In Persian]

Kioisto, P. (2006). Fundamental Thoughts in Sociology, Translated by Manouchehr Sabouri, Ney Publication, Fifth Edition, Tehran.

Lotfi, Heydar ,et al. (2009). Urban Management and its Position in Promoting Citizens' Rights, Human Resource Quarterly, Second Year, No. 1, pp. 110-101. [In Persian]

Logan & Moloteh, (1987), Urban fortunes : (ed) The Political Economy of Place. Berkeley : university of Chicago  Press.

Luke, T.W. (2005). Neither sustainable nor development: Reconsidering sustainability in development. Sustainable Development, 13:228:338.

Mansour, J. (2003). Collection of laws and regulations related to the city and municipality, Tehran: Publishing Duran. [In Persian]

Massoum, J., and Aliabadi,J. (2002). Challenges of Urban Management in Iran, Municipal Monthly, Third Year, No. 35. [In Persian]

Mesgrian, H., et al. (2014). Sustainable Development and Assessment of Citizen Participation in Urban Management Process; Case Study: Tabriz, Tehran: Proceedings of the Seventh Congress of the Iranian Geopolitical Association. [In Persian]

Mohitara, M., Malek Hosseini, A., and Shams,M. (2018). A Strategic Model of the Sustainable Neighborhood of the Islamic-Iranian City (Qom City Foundation), Journal of New Attitudes in Human Geography, Vol. 10, No. 3, pp. 381-362. [In Persian]

Moier, R. (2013). A New Revenue on Political Geography, Translation: Dareh Mirehidar, Geographic Organization of the Armed Forces Publications, First Edition, Tehran.

Maclaren, V (1996). Urban sustainability reporting Journal of the American Planning Assocciatio.

Nazran, A., 1999, Urban Geography of Iran, Payam Noor Publications, Tehran.

Nejat Hosseini, M. (2001). Modern Society, Citizenship and Participation, Urban Management Quarterly, No. 5, pp. 15-6. [In Persian]

Nikpour, A., Maleshahi,M., and Razghi rami, PH. (2015). Evaluation of Sustainable Urban Development Indicators with Emphasis on Justice in Distribution of Services (Case Study: Babol City), Urban Research and Planning, Vol. 6, No. 22, pp. 138-125. [In Persian]

Pag, C. (2004). Sustainable Cities in Developing Countries, Translated by Naser Mohammad Nejad, Tehran: Center for Research and Development of Urban and Architecture of Iran.

Papeli Yazdi, M., and Sanaajerdi, R. (2003). Theories of the City and Perimon, The Publication of the Party, Tehran. [In Persian]

Pacione, M. (2005). Urban Geography: a Global Perspective, Routledge.

Parvin, S., and Kalantari,A. (2014). Study of Indices of Sustainable Urban Development in Tehran (with Social Approach), Tehran University of Science and Technology, Tehran. [In Persian]

Piran, P. (2008). Urban Governance, Encyclopedia of Urban and Rural Management, Tehran: (Publications of the Organization of Municipalities and Daisies of the Country. [In Persian]

Purdavood, E. (1976). Ancient Iranian Culture, Tehran University Press, Tehran. [In Persian]

Rabbani, R. (2006). Urban Sociology, Isfahan University Press, Second Edition, Isfahan. [In Persian]

Rezazadeh, R., Aiadqamish,M., Fatemeh and Rafieian, M. (2013). The Role of the Asset-Based Approach Approach to Local Sustainable Development (Case Study: Butzadeh Hassan Tehran Town), Bagh-e-Posh Magazine, Vol. 10, No. 25, pp. 48-39.1. [In Persian]

Rex, J & R. Moore, Race, (1987). Community and Conflict. Oxfoed, Oxford University Press. [In Persian]

Sa'idnia, A. (2000). Urban Management, Organization of Municipalities, 11th volume, Tehran. [In Persian]

Sa'idnia, A. (2003). Green Book of Municipalities, Volume 11, Urban Management, Tehran: Publications of the Organization of Municipalities. [In Persian]

saraphi, M., and Ismael Zadeh,H. (2005). Solutions for Urban Problems in Iran, Political and Economic Information Monthly, No. 217 and 218, pp. 145-136. [In Persian]

Sattari, S., Zabihi, H., and Zabihi,H. (2009). An Attitude to the Concept of Hazrat Rasul Akram City Management in Madinah City, A Beautiful Exposition of Islamic Urban Management, Journal of Management beyond the Management, No. 10, 146-106. [In Persian]

Seiedbaigi, S.,Sarvar, R, and Faraji Rad,A. (2018). The Role of Urban Management in the Development of City Culture and Urbanization (Case Study: Ilam City), Journal of New Attitudes in Human Geography, Vol. 10, No. 3, pp. 304-287. [In Persian]

Sharepoor, M. (2012). Urban Sociology, Sadegh Post, Fifth Edition, Tehran. [In Persian]

Shia, E. (2003). The Need for the Development of Urban Management in Iran, Geography and Development, No. 1. [In Persian]

taqvaei, M., and safarabadi,A. (2011). The Role of Urban Management in Achieving Sustainable Development of Urban Tourism (Case Study: Kermanshah City), Quarterly Journal of Geographical Studies in Arid Areas, First Year, No. 4, pp. 52-35. [In Persian]

Taylor, J.P., Flint C. (2000). Political Geography World-Economy, Nation-State, and Locality.

World Commission on Environment and Development (WCED). (1987). Our common future. Oxford University Press.

Veisi, H. (2013). Income on Local Government, Sublicensee, Tehran. [In Persian]

Yazdan Panah Abdolmaleki, A. (2014). The study of the role of municipalities in urban and urban management in Iran, the first congress of urban management and city councils, Sari, Center for Development Conferences in Iran. [In Persian]

Young, Jou Lai, Ting, Yun Liu, Ching, Lai Hwang .(2012). TOPSIS for MODM, Vol. 76, No. 3.

Ziari, K., Zandvi, M., Aqajani, M, and Moghaddam,M. (2009). Investigation of citizenship participation and its role in the management of small towns (case study: Herbivores, Varzaneh and Haidj), Journal of Geography and Regional Development, No. 13, pp. 235-211. [In Persian]

www.unisdr.org.