سهم ایران از دریای خزر همچنان در‌ هاله‌ای از ابهام

فصلنامه علمی و پژوهشی نگرش های نو در جغرافیای انسانی

مقاله 22، دوره 12، شماره 1 - شماره پیاپی 45، بهمن 1398، صفحه 423-440   

نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی استخراج ازرساله و پایان نامه

نویسندگان

کیومرث یزدان پناه^{* 1}؛ بهادر زارعی¹؛ محمود واثق¹؛ فتح اله دهقان²

¹استادیار جغرافیای سیاسی، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران

²دانشجوی دکتری جغرافیای سیاسی، پردیس کیش دانشگاه تهران، کیش، ایران

چکیده

چکیده
دریای خزر بزرگترین دریاچه ی جهان میان آسیا و اروپا واقع شده است. این دریا به طور طبیعی به دریاها و اقیانوس‌های جهان راه ندارد. تا سال 1991 خزر دریای ایرانی- شوروی بوده و بر مبنای قراردادهای 1921 و 1940 میان دو کشور مشترک بوده است. دیگر کشورهای جهان نیز دریای خزر را میان ایران و روسیه مشاع می دانستند. با فروپاشی شوروی همسایگان دریا به 5 کشور افزایش یافته و اختلافات در خصوص رژیم حقوقی این دریا آشکار و هویدا شد. مذاکرات متعدد و متناوبی طی حدود 21 سال توسط کشورهای ساحلی برای حل مشکل رژیم حقوقی خزر صورت گرفته است. در این مقاله مواضع کشورهای ساحلی در مورد رژیم حقوقی دریای خزر را مورد بررسی قرار داده، همچنین موضع ایران در خصوص رژیم حقوقی دریای خزر را مورد مداقه و آسیب‌شناسی قرار می‌دهیم.

کلیدواژه‌ها

واژگان کلیدی: رژیم حقوقی دریای خزر؛ دریای بسته؛ ایران؛ روسیه؛ آذربایجان؛ ترکمنستان؛ قزاقستان

مراجع

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