تحلیل عوامل موثر بر فرآیند تصمیم گیری در پذیرش کارآفرینی در بین زنان روستایی (مطالعه موردی: دهستان سولقان)

مطالعات برنامه ریزی سکونتگاه های انسانی

مقاله 11، دوره 15، شماره 1 - شماره پیاپی 50، فروردین 1399، صفحه 151-170   

نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

فضیله دادور (خانی)^{* 1}؛ سمیه سادات موسوی²

¹استاد گروه جغرافیا و برنامه ریزی روستایی، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران

²دانش آموخته کارشناسی ارشد، گروه جغرافیا و برنامه ریزی روستایی، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران

چکیده

در محیط­های روستایی علاوه ­بر­ این­که از نیروی کار زنان در زمینه­های اقتصادی و کشاورزی بهره می­گیرند، نقش تصمیم­گیری و تصمیم­سازی آن­ها می­تواند عاملی بسیار مهم در حل مسائل مختلف اقتصادی و اجتماعی باشد؛ چراکه مشارکت زنان روستایی در تصمیم­گیری­ها به­عنوان فرایندی فعال در مسیر توسعۀ روستایی از اهمیتی قابل توجه برخوردار است. پژوهش حاضر نیز با هدف تحلیل عوامل موثر بر تصمیم­گیری زنان از لحاظ ماهیت توصیفی- تحلیلی و از نظر هدف کاربردی می­باشد. جامعه آماری آن را پذیرندگان کارآفرینی و نوآوری (پرورش و فروش نهال و گل و متعلقات مربوطه)، ساکن در 4 روستا از دهستان سولقان (کشارعلیا، کشارسفلی، سولقان، کن)، که تعداد آن­ها بالغ بر 82 خانوار یا به­عبارتی 82 مرد پذیرنده و زنان آن­ها (در کل 164 نفر) می­باشد، تشکیل می­دهد. داده­ها به دو صورت میدانی و کتابخانه­ای با ابزارهایی چون: پرسشنامه، مصاحبه، کتب و مقالات گوناگون، جمع­آوری شده­اند و جهت تعیین پایایی و روایی ابزار مورد استفاده از روش آلفای کرونباخ (799/0) (با مطالعه 20 نمونه) و روش اعتبار محتوا و قضاوت داوران و متخصصین استفاده شد. داده­های به­دست آمده با استفاده از نرم­افزار SPSS و آزمون تحلیل عاملی، کلموگروف- اسمیرنوف و رگرسیون، مورد تجزیه­و­تحلیل قرار گرفته­اند. نتایج تحقیق حاکی از آن است که؛ از نظر مردان عوامل اجتماعی- خانوادگی و شخصیتی در وهله اول بیش­ترین تاثیر را بر فرایند تصمیم­گیری زنان و همچنین سرعت انتخاب آنان دارند و در درجه بعدی عوامل اقتصادی نقش تعیین کننده­ای در این فرایند و پذیرش نوآوری توسط آنان دارا می­باشد. و از نظر زنان به­ترتیب عوامل اقتصادی، اجتماعی- خانوادگی و شخصیتی، بر فرایند تصمیم­گیری آن­ها نسبت به پذیرش کارآفرینی، موثرند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

نظریۀ پخش فضایی؛ تصمیم گیری؛ کارآفرینی؛ زنان روستایی؛ جنسیت؛ روستاهای کن و سولقان

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