تدوین مدل توسعه شرکت های کوچک و متوسط کارآفرین در روستاهای استان ایلام

مطالعات برنامه ریزی سکونتگاه های انسانی

مقاله 16، دوره 15، شماره 2 - شماره پیاپی 51، تیر 1399، صفحه 595-612   

نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

نبی امیدی^{* 1}؛ اسفندیار محمدی²؛ یاسان اله پوراشرف²؛ کرم خلیلی³

¹دانشجوی دکتری مدیریت مالی، واحد ایلام، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، ایلام، ایران

²دانشیار گروه مدیریت بازرگانی، دانشگاه ایلام، ایلام، ایران

³استادیار گروه مدیریت، واحد ایلام، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، ایلام، ایران

چکیده

شرکت های کوچک و متوسط با دارا بودن ویژگی های چون ، انعطاف و انطباق پذیری محیطی در شرایط متغییر ، نیازمندی به سرمایه اندک و سادگی ساختار ، همخوانی مناسبی با وضعیت اقتصادی روستاهای ایران دارند.
این پژوهش کمّی و ماهیت و هدف آن کاربردی‌ و ازنظر گردآوری داده‌ها نیز توصیفی- پیمایشی می‌باشد. برای تحلیل داده‌‌ها از نرم‌افزار SPSS به‌عنوان نرم‌افزار اصلی و از نرم‌افزار LISREL به‌عنوان نرم‌افزار کمکی برای روش تحلیل عاملی (از نوع اکتشافی) استفاده شد. جامعة آماری تحقیق شامل 598 نفر از کارشناسان و مدیران دستگاه‌‌های اجرایی فعالان اقتصادی روستاها (کارآفرینان و تعاونی‌داران روستایی) و اساتید دانشگاه بودند .در این پژوهش از میان 38 متغیر شناسایی شده ، بعد از انجام بررسی های لازم و زمینه شمولیت متغییرها ، جمعاً 20 متغیّر مؤثر بر ایجاد و توسعة شرکت‌های کوچک و متوسط،در روستاها شناسایی شدند. پس از به‌کار بردن تحلیل عاملی، برای تعیین تعداد عوامل از روش کیسر استفاده شد. برپایة این ملاک، عوامل تامین مالی و نهاده های تولیدی، عوامل حمایتی و ترغیبی ، عوامل آموزشی و مهارتی و عوامل فرهنگی و اجتماعی ، دارای ارزش ویژة بالای 1 شناسایی و به‌عنوان عوامل قابل استخراج تعیین شدند. نام گذاری این عوامل باتوجه به محتوای متغیرها و با و در‌نظر گرفتن ادبیات و پیشینة تحقیق، انجام گرفت. با توجه به شاخص‌‌های آماری با استفاده از روش تحلیل عوامل اصلی، این 4 عامل در‌مجموع 7531/0 درصد از واریانس کل متغیّرها را توانستند تبیین کنند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

روستا؛ ایلام؛ کارآفرینی؛ شرکت های کوچک و متوسط

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