اثر بستر کشت بر رشد و تحمل به شوری درخت باران طلایی (Koelreuteria paniculata Laxm.)

فیزیولوژی محیطی گیاهی

دوره 15، شماره 59، مهر 1399، صفحه 43-57   

نوع مقاله: پژوهشی

نویسندگان

مسعود دشتی¹؛ مریم دهستانی اردکانی^{* 1}؛ مصطفی شیرمردی¹؛ علی مومن پور²

¹گروه علوم باغبانی دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه اردکان، اردکان، یزد، ایران.

²مرکز ملی تحقیقات شوری، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، یزد، ایران.

چکیده

درخت باران طلایی (Koelreuteria paniculata Laxm.) گیاهی چوبی، چندساله و زینتی است که عمدتا در فضای سبز کشت می­شود. هدف از پژوهش حاضر بررسی میزان مقاومت این گیاه به شوری و اثر کود گاوی و ورمی‌کمپوست بر میزان رشد و افزایش تحمل به شوری نهال‌های دوساله باران طلایی بود. آزمایش به­صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح کاملا تصادفی شامل سه بستر کشت مختلف (1-خاک زراعی 2-80% خاک زراعی+20% ورمی‌کمپوست، 3-80% خاک زراعی+ 20% کود گاوی) و شوری آب آبیاری در سه سطح ( 1، 4 و 7 دسی­زیمنس بر متر)، هر کدام با سه تکرار درون گلخانه انجام شد. در این آزمایش بستر بدون کود به­عنوان شاهد در نظر گرفته شد. طول دوره اعمال تنش سه ماه بود. نتایج به­دست آمده نشان دادکه با افزایش سطح شوری، تعداد شاخه، وزن ­تر و خشک ریشه، اندام هوایی و کل گیاه به­طور معنی­داری کاهش و میزان فعالیت آنزیم پراکسیداز و جذب سدیم و کلر افزایش یافت. تیمار ورمی‌کمپوست بهتر از شاهد و کود گاوی منجر به افزایش وزن ­تر و خشک ریشه، اندام هوایی و کل گیاه، فعالیت آنزیم پراکسیداز، جذب سدیم، پتاسیم و کلر برگ شد. بیشترین وزن تر و خشک، ریشه، اندام هوایی و کل گیاه، جذب سدیم، پتاسیم و کلر در سطح شوری 4 دسی­زیمنس بر متر و تیمار ورمی‌کمپوست حاصل شد. به­طور کلی استفاده از ورمی‌کمپوست بهتر از کود گاوی منجر به بهبود خصوصیات رشدی و افزایش مقاومت به شوری گیاه باران طلایی شد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

باران طلایی؛ تنش شوری؛ رشد؛ کود گاوی؛ ورمی‌کمپوست

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