شناسایی و اولویت‌بندی ریسک‌های پیاده‌سازی برنامه‌ریزی منابع سازمان (ERP) بر مبنای FMEA و AHP ابتکاری در شرکت اسنوا

فصلنامه مدیریت راهبردی در سیستم های صنعتی (مدیریت صنعتی سابق)

دوره 16، شماره 56، تیر 1400، صفحه 161-177   

نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.30495/imj.2021.684253

نویسندگان

سمیه علوی^{* 1}؛ هادی اکلیلی²

¹گروه مهندسی صنایع، دانشگاه شهید اشرفی اصفهانی، اصفهان

²شرکت تولیدی اسنوا، اصفهان، ایران

چکیده

هدف و نوآوری پژوهش حاضر علاوه بر ارزیابی ریسک استقرار پروژه ERP ، مقایسه رتبه ریسک‌ها در هر دو فاز قبل از استقرار و حین استقرار است. همچنین روش AHP ابتکاری در نظر گرفته شده در فاز حین استقرار که با FMEA تلفیق شده نتایج دقیق‌تری ارائه می‌کند. لذا، در این پژوهش در ابتدا ریسک‌های پیاده‌سازی ERP مطابق چهار دسته کارت امتیازی متوازن (BSC) شامل ذینفعان، رشد و یادگیری، فرایند و مالی شناسایی و تقسیم‌بندی شده است. سپس در دو فاز پیش از استقرار با روش تخصیص خطی و فاز حین استقرار با تلفیق روش FMEA و AHP ابتکاری و ابتدا مؤلفه‌های کارت امتیازی متوازن به صورت کلان و در ادامه زیر ریسک‌های هر دسته به‌صورت مجزا در شرکت اسنوا اولویت‌بندی گردید. جامعه آماری این پژوهش شامل هفت نفر از خبرگان می‌باشد که در حوزه پیاده‌سازی ERP نقش داشته‌اند می‌باشد. نتایج تحلیل نشان می‌دهد که در مرحله پیش از استقرار ریسک مالی پرخطرترین و در مرحله حین استقرار ریسک مرتبط به فرایند در رتبه اول قرار گرفت. این امر نشان دهنده ویژگی بالقوه بودن ریسک است زیرا با توجه به اینکه در مرحله‌ی قبل از استقرار در جایگاه سوم قرار داشت، در مرحله حین استقرار ریسک‌های فرایندی بروز خواهد کرد که نشان از اهمیت ریسک‌های مرتبط با فرایند جهت پیاده‌سازی ERP در سازمان است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

برنامه‌ریزی منابع سازمانی (ERP)؛ ریسک؛ تحلیل حالات بالقوه خرابی(FMEA)؛ تحلیل سلسله مراتبی(AHP)؛ کارت امتیازی متوازن(BSC)

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