Botanical, phytochemical and pharmacological properties of quinoa medicinal plant (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.): A review

Journal of Medicinal Herbs, "J. Med Herb" (Formerly known as Journal of Herbal Drugs or J. Herb Drug)

دوره 12، شماره 4، اسفند 2021، صفحه 1-11   

نوع مقاله: Review article

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.30495/medherb.2021.687323

نویسندگان

Nasim Pakbaz¹؛ Heshmat Omidi^{* 1}؛ Hassanali Naghdi Badi²؛ Amir Bostani¹

¹Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran

²Medicinal Plants Research Center, Institute of Medicinal Plants, Acecr, Karaj, Iran

چکیده

Background & Aim: Climatic and geographical conditions of Iran and some factors such as climate change, water limitation and the existence of soils with salinity limitation, the cultivation of medicinal plants compatible with such conditions is one of the most important strategies. Quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd) is a valuable medicinal plant and will also contribute to community health. Quinoa has been cultivated in the Andes for about 5,000 years. The largest area under quinoa cultivation in Bolivia is 100,000 ha. In this review, the botany, traditional uses, phytochemical and pharmacological properties of quinoa are discussed.
Experimental: In the current review keywords including quinoa and medicinal properties were searched in scientific websites such as Science Direct, PubMed and Google Scholar to compile the botanical and medicinal properties of quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.).
Results: According to the literature review, quinoa protein is 8-22% with proper quality and balance of essential amino acids (lysine, methionine and thyronine). The amount of essential amino acids in quinoa is higher than the daily requirement set by the World Food Organization and the World Health Organization for each person. Compared to other grains, quinoa is high in alpha tocopherols (vitamin E), riboflavin, thiamine and vitamin C, and has 10 times more folic acid. Quinoa seeds are a safe, gluten-free alternative to cereal grains among celiac patients.
Recommended applications/ industries: Quinoa with a high amount of biochemical components and pharmacological effects can be used as a valuable herbal drug. It also provides a gluten-free diet, which is beneficial for celiac patients. Its cultivation for industrial and pharmaceutical purposes can help to improve the production of anti-oxidant, anti-diabetic, anti-inflammatory, anti-celiac and anti-cancer drugs in Iran.

کلیدواژه‌ها

Chenopodium quinoa Willd؛ Biochemical compound؛ Essential amino acids؛ Health benefits