Extraction and characterization of seed oil waxes by using chromatographic techniques

International Journal of Industrial Chemistry

دوره 4، شماره 1، اسفند 2013، صفحه 58-64

نوع مقاله: research article

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): https://doi.org/10.1186/2228-5547-4-9

نویسندگان

Rizwana K Soomro^* ؛ Syed Tufail H Sherazi

National Centre of Excellence in Analytical Chemistry, University of Sindh, Jamshoro, 76080, Pakistan

چکیده

Background
The chemical composition of the crude waxes extracted from three different seed oils (sunflower, canola, and cottonseed) was studied using chromatographic techniques.
Results
Greater amount of wax (0.45% ± 0.13%) was found in the crude oil of sunflower followed by cottonseed (0.07% ± 0.01%), and then canola (0.03% ± 0.01%). Wax ester and fatty hydrocarbon fractions were separated by thin layer chromatography. Fatty hydrocarbon fraction was analyzed by gas chromatography and mass spectrometry (GC-MS) to confirm the presence of C₁₉-C₃₅ fatty hydrocarbons. Wax ester fraction indicated distribution of esters from C₃₄ to C₅₄, while C₄₂-C₄₈ fraction was found to be predominant. For constituents of fatty acid, methyl esters and fatty alcohol acetates were carried out by GC-MS after the saponification and derivatization of wax esters. GC-MS analysis indicated the presence of saturated methyl esters from C_l4-C₃₀, whereas C₂₄ methyl ester was found to be predominant. The alcohol portion contained saturated chain lengths between C₁₄-C₃₀; the main component was saturated C₂₂ and C₂₄ alcohol.
Conclusions
GC-MS was used for the characterization of the various classes of three different seed oil waxes. The results indicated that seed oil wax has the potential to be used in the cosmetic and pharmaceutical industry due to its better composition of long chain fatty acids and fatty alcohols.

کلیدواژه‌ها

Seed oil waxes؛ Characterization؛ Chromatographic techniques؛ Fatty acids؛ Fatty alcohols؛ Fatty hydrocarbons