نقش جو خانواده، رابطه مادر ـ دختر، مهارت‌های اجتماعی و اختلالات روانی مادران در پیش‌بینی کودک‌آزاری دختران مقطع متوسطه اول

دانش و پژوهش در روان شناسی کاربردی

مقاله 10، دوره 22، شماره 4 - شماره پیاپی 86، اسفند 1400، صفحه 120-133   

نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.30486/jsrp.2020.1877247.2026

نویسندگان

نصیبه کریمی¹؛ محمد سلطانی زاده^{* 2}

¹کارشناس ارشد روانشناسی بالینی، گروه روانشناسی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، نجف‌آباد، ایران

²استادیار، گروه روانشناسی، دانشگاه پیام نور، ایران

چکیده

این پژوهش با هدف بررسی نقش جو خانواده، رابطۀ مادر‌ دختر، مهارت‌های اجتماعی و اختلالات روانی مادران در پیش‌بینی کودک‌آزاری دختران دورۀ متوسطه اول انجام شد. طرح پژوهش از نوع همبستگی بود. جامعۀ آماری 55766 نفر از دانش‌آموزان دختر مقطع متوسطۀ اول شهر اصفهان در سال تحصیلی 97-1396 به همراه مادرانشان بودند که با استفاده از روش نمونه‌گیری خوشه‌ای چندمرحله‌ای 250 نفر از آنها انتخاب شدند. ابزار اندازه‌گیری شامل پرسشنامۀ جو خانوادگی (Hilburn, 1964)، مقیاس رابطۀ والد ـ فرزند (Fine et al. 1983)، پرسشنامۀ مهارت‌های اجتماعی نوجوانان (Inderbitzen, Foster 1992)، پرسشنامۀ سلامت روانی (Goldberg, Hillier 1979) و پرسشنامۀ کودک‌آزاری (Noorbakhsh, 2012) بود. داده‌ها با استفاده از روش تحلیل رگرسیون گام ‌به‌گام تحلیل شدند و یافته‌های گام آخر تحلیل رگرسیون نشان داد که رابطۀ مادر ـ دختر و اختلالات روانی مادران، قادر به‌ پیش بینی 6/10 درصد از واریانس نمرات کودک‌آزاری است (01/0P<). نتایج این پژوهش نشان‌دهندۀ اهمیت نقش مادر در پیشگیری از کودک‌آزاری دختران دارد. بر همین اساس پژوهشگران و برنامه­ریزان حوزۀ مسائل روانی-اجتماعی می‌توانند با تدوین برنامه‌های آموزشی، پیشگیرانه و درمانی، فضایی برای کاهش این معضل فراهم آورند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

"جو خانواده"؛ "رابطه مادر ـ دختر"؛ "مهارت‌های اجتماعی"؛ "اختلالات روانی"؛ "کودک‌آزاری"

مراجع

Afifi, T. O., MacMillan, H. L., Boyle, M., Taillieu, T., Cheung, K., & Sareen, J. (2014). Child abuse and mental disorders in Canada. Cmaj, 186(9), E324-E332.

Afifi, T. O., McTavish, J., Turner, S., MacMillan, H. L., & Wathen, C. N. (2018). The relationship between child protection contacts and mental health outcomes among Canadian adults with a child abuse history. Child abuse & neglect, 79, 22-30.

Akbarpoor Zanghalani, M. B., Khodayari Shouti S., & Malekzadeh A. (2016). The relationship between mental health and achievement motivation among the students of tabriz university of medical sciences. DSME, 3 (2), 14-24. [Persian]

Amini, A. (2009). Validation of Teenage Inventory of Social Skills (TISS). Master thesis. Islamic Azad University of Tehran. [Persian]

Bahmani, T., & Safaei, S. (2019). Survey of personality traits and parenting attachment styles on the prevalence of child abuse among high school students in Mashhad. The First National Conference on Globalization of Children and Adolescents' Rights from a Legal and

 

Psychological Perspective, Mashhad, Hakim Nezami Institute of Higher Education, Quchan. [Persian]

Carnes-Holt, K. (2012). Child–parent relationship therapy for adoptive families. The Family Journal, 20(4), 419-426.

Derakhshanpour, F., Hajebi, A., & Panaghi, L. (2014). Risk factors of child abuse: A study in psychosocial support unit for child and family in pediatric hospital of Bandar Abbas city. Journal of Fundamentals of Mental Health, 16(61), 42-50. [Persian]

Dinkelmann, I., & Buff, A. (2016). Children's and parents' perceptions of parental support and their effects on children's achievement motivation and achievement in mathematics. A longitudinal predictive mediation model. Learning and Individual Differences, 50, 122-132.

Fine, M. A., Moreland, J. R., & Schwebel, A. I. (1983). Long-term effects of divorce on parent–child relationships. Developmental Psychology, 19(5), 703.

Finkelhor, D., Turner, H. A., Shattuck, A., & Hamby, S. L. (2015). Prevalence of childhood exposure to violence, crime, and abuse: Results from the national survey of children’s exposure to violence. JAMA pediatrics, 169(8), 746-754.

Garbarino, J., & Plantz, M. C. (2017). Child abuse and juvenile delinquency: What are the links? In Troubled youth, troubled families (pp. 27-40). Routledge.

Gold, S. (2013). Not trauma alone: Therapy for child abuse survivors in family and social context. Routledge.

Goldberg, D. P., & Hillier, V. F. (1979). A scaled version of the General Health Questionnaire. Psychological medicine, 9(1), 139-145.

Goldberg, D., & Williams, P. (1988). A user’s guide to the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ). London: NFER Nelson.

Gordts, S., Uzieblo, K., Neumann, C., Van den Bussche, E., & Rossi, G. (2017). Validity of the Self-Report Psychopathy Scales (SRP-III full and short versions) in a community sample. Assessment, 24(3), 308-325.

Hall, L. A., Sachs, B., & Rayens, M. K. (1998). Mothers' potential for child abuse: The roles of childhood abuse and social resources. Nursing research, 47(2), 87-95.

Hilburn, J. M. (1964). Effect of adolescence on the serum growth hormone response to hypoglycemia. J Pediatr, 77(3), 465–467

Hooman, H. A. (2018). Structural Equation Modeling with LISREL Application. Tehran: Samt Publication. [Persian]

Inderbitzen, H. M., & Foster, S. L. (1992). The teenage inventory of social skills: Development, reliability, and validity. Psychological Assessment, 4(4), 451.

Iranian Scientific Association of Psychiatrists. (2019). Available on the Web: http://irpsychiatry.ir

Jafariharandi, R., & Rajaiemoosavi, S. F. (2019). Predicting Emotional Maturity through Family emotional atmosphere and the level of religiosity parents in second-grade female students. Journal of Educational Psychology Studies, 16(34), 1-26. [Persian]

Joudaki, M. (2017). Evaluation of the effectiveness of positive parenting program on child abuse of mothers of primary school girls. Fourth International Conference on Science and Engineering, Italy-Rome, Institute of Idea Managers in the capital Vieira. [Persian]

Kavian, M. (2019). Investigating the Relationship between Child Abuse and Personality Traits in Cared Parents in DIC Centers of Mashhad, The First National Conference on Globalization of Children and Adolescents' Rights from a Legal and Psychological Perspective, Mashhad, Hakim Nezami Quchan Higher Education Institute. [Persian]

Lind, M. J., Brown, R. C., Sheerin, C. M., York, T. P., Myers, J. M., Kendler, K. S., & Amstadter, A. B. (2018). Does parenting influence the enduring impact of severe childhood sexual abuse on psychiatric resilience in adulthood? Child Psychiatry & Human Development, 49(1), 33-41.

Lopez, M. A., & Heffer, R. W. (1998). Self-concept and social competence of university student victims of childhood physical abuse. Child abuse & neglect, 22(3), 183-195.

Lougheed, J. P., & Hollenstein, T. (2018). Arousal transmission and attenuation in mother–daughter dyads during adolescence. Social Development, 27(1), 19-33.

Martin, M. S., Dykxhoorn, J., Afifi, T. O., & Colman, I. (2016). Child abuse and the prevalence of suicide attempts among those reporting suicide ideation. Social psychiatry and psychiatric epidemiology, 51(11), 1477-1484.

Mavroveli, S., Petrides, K. V., Rieffe, C., & Bakker, F. (2007). Trait emotional intelligence, psychological well‐being and peer‐rated social competence in adolescence. British journal of developmental psychology, 25(2), 263-275.

Meyer, B., Schermuly, C. C., & Kauffeld, S. (2016). That’s not my place: The interacting effects of faultlines, subgroup size, and social competence on social loafing behaviour in work groups. European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology, 25(1), 31-49.

Mikaeili, N., & Zamanloo, K. (2012). A study of the prevalence of child abuse and its prediction from parents’ depression and anxiety, attachment styles and mental health of their adolescent boys. Psychology of Exceptional Individuals, 2(5), 145-166. [Persian]

Mikaeili, N., Barahmand, U., & Abdi, R. (2013). The prevalence of different kinds of child abuse and the characteristics that differentiate abused from nonabused male adolescents. Journal of interpersonal violence, 28(5), 975-996.

Milanifar, B. (2013). Mental Health. Tehran: Ghoomes Publication. [Persian]

Milner, J. S. (1993). Social information processing and physical child abuse. Clinical psychology review, 13(3), 275-294.

Momayezi, F., Eydi, Z., Eghlima, M., & Raheb, Gh. (2011). Social skills: Its role in preventing adolescent abuse. Tolooe Behdasht, 10 (1), 96-108. [Persian]

Momeni, K., Abbasi, M., Pirani, Z., Beyghiyan, M. (2017). The Role of emotionality and affective atmosphere of family in prediction of Students' Educational Engagement. Biquarterly Journal of Cognitive Strategies in Learning, 5(8), 159-182. [Persian]

Morovati Sharif Abadi, M. A., Najafi, S., Faghihzadeh, S., & Dastgerdi, Gh. (2016). Survey of knowledge, attitude and perfomance of mothers’ seventh grade and third grade of middle school of female students in Zanjan about psychological changes during puberty and its relationship with relationships between adolescents and mothers. Tolooe Behdasht, 15 (5), 69-80. [Persian]

Motamed, N., Zamani, F. (2017). Sample size in applied approach research. Tehran: Asre Roshanbini. [Persian]

Nazifi, M., Mokarami, H., Akbaritabar, A., Faraji Kujerdi, M., Tabrizi, R., Rahi, A. (2014). Reliability, Validity and Factor Structure of the Persian Translation of General Health Questionnire (GHQ-28) in Hospitals of Kerman University of Medical Sciences. JABS, 3 (4), 336-342. [Persian]

Nemeroff, C. B. (2016). Paradise lost: the neurobiological and clinical consequences of child abuse and neglect. Neuron, 89(5), 892-909.

Noorbakhsh, M. (2012). Investigating the Relationship between Child Abuse and Aggression in Non-Student Youth and Adolescents in Mako County, Bachelor Thesis in Psychology, Islamic Azad University. [Persian]

Ogai, Y., Senoo, E., Gardner, F., Haraguchi, A., Saito, T., Morita, N., & Ikeda, K. (2015). Association between experience of child abuse and severity of drug addiction measured by the Addiction Severity Index among Japanese drug-dependent patients. International journal of environmental research and public health, 12(3), 2781-2792.

Onayli, S. E. L. İ. N. (2010). The relation between mother-daughter relationship and daughter’s well being. Middle East Technical University: Thesis.

Sayyari, A. A., Bagheri-Yazdi, S. A., Jalili, B., Khoushabi, K., Shah-Mohammadi. D., Iman-Zadeh, F., et al. (2001). Physical Child-Abuse in Tehran, Iran. JREHAB, 2 (3 & 4), 7-13. [Persian]

Shakarami, M., Sadeghi, M., Ghadampour, E. (2017). Developing of an academic engagement model based on classroom socio-mental climate and emotional factors of family with mediating role of academic resilience. Psychological Methods and Models, 8(29), 159-182. [Persian]

Shamaeizadeh, N., Yousefi, Z. (2018). Multiple Relations between Personality Factors and History of Child abuse with Family Communications in Isfahan. Knowledge & Research in Applied Psychology, 19(3), 121-113. [Persian]

Sharifi, N., Moradian, A., Moradian Ghocheh Baglou, P., & Bagheri, N. (2017). A Study of Family Factors Related to Child Abuse among Parents of Child Abuse, District 17, Tehran. First National Conference on Social Injuries, Ardabil, Mohaghegh Ardabili University. [Persian]

Shirali Nia, Kh., Imani, M., Mazloomi, S., & Shahsavari, M. (2014). Comparison of the functioning of child abuse families and families without a history of child abuse. The First National Congress of Family Psychology A Step in Drawing the Optimal Family Model, Iranian Scientific Association of Family Psychology, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz. [Persian]

Soltanizadeh, M., Latifi, Z., & Afyouni Akbari, M. (2018). The Mediating Role of Personal Values in the Prediction of Sexual Abstinence Based on Mother-Daughter Relationship, Islamic Ethics, and Spiritual Intelligence among High School Girls in Isfahan. QAIIE, 3(2), 87-116. [Persian]

Sousa, C., Mason, W. A., Herrenkohl, T. I., Prince, D., Herrenkohl, R. C., & Russo, M. J. (2018). Direct and indirect effects of child abuse and environmental stress: A lifecourse perspective on adversity and depressive symptoms. American journal of orthopsychiatry, 88(2), 180.

Sternberg, K. J., Baradaran, L. P., Abbott, C. B., Lamb, M. E., & Guterman, E. (2006). Type of violence, age, and gender differences in the effects of family violence on children’s behavior problems: A mega-analysis. Developmental Review, 26(1), 89-112.

Stirling, J. (2014). The conversation: interacting with parents when child abuse is suspected. Pediatric Clinics, 61(5), 979-995.

Straus, M. A. (2017). Injury and frequency of assault and the “representative sample fallacy” in measuring wife beating and child abuse. In Physical violence in American families (pp. 75-92). Routledge.

Thompson, R., Lewis, T., Neilson, E. C., English, D. J., Litrownik, A. J., Margolis, B., & Dubowitz, H. (2017). Child maltreatment and risky sexual behavior: indirect effects through trauma symptoms and substance use. Child maltreatment, 22(1), 69-78.

Van Berkel, S. R., Tucker, C. J., & Finkelhor, D. (2018). The combination of sibling victimization and parental child maltreatment on mental health problems and delinquency. Child maltreatment, 23(3), 244-253.

Villodas, M. T., Bagner, D. M., & Thompson, R. (2018). A step beyond maternal depression and child behavior problems: the role of mother–child aggression. Journal of Clinical Child & Adolescent Psychology, 47(4), 634-641.

Widom, C. S., Czaja, S. J., & DuMont, K. A. (2015). Intergenerational transmission of child abuse and neglect: Real or detection bias? Science, 347(6229), 1480-1485.

Zeedyk, S. M., Cohen, S. R., Eisenhower, A., & Blacher, J. (2016). Perceived social competence and loneliness among young children with ASD: Child, parent and teacher reports. Journal of autism and developmental disorders, 46(2), 436-449.

Zera’at Herfeh, F., Khezri Moghaddam, A. (2018). The role of family emotional climate and life satisfaction in predicting addiction. Social Health and Addiction, 14 (4), 55-68. [Persian]