اثربخشی آموزش پرما سلیگمن بر بهزیستی ذهنی، کیفیت و جهت‌گیری زندگی تک‌والد مادر

زن و مطالعات خانواده

مقاله 1، دوره 15، شماره 57، آذر 1401، صفحه 7-31   

نوع مقاله: علمی پژوهشی

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.30495/jwsf.2022.1946755.1636

نویسندگان

آیدا جلائی¹؛ پیمان یوسف زاده^{* 2}؛ بیتا بهرامی³

¹دانشجوی کارشناس ارشد ، گروه روانشناسی تربیتی، دانشکده پزشکی، واحد علوم پزشکی ، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی ، تهران، ایران

²استادیار، گروه روانشناسی، دانشکده پزشکی، واحد علوم پزشکی ، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی ، تهران، ایران (نویسنده مسئول) [e-mail]

³استادیار گروه روانشناسی، دانشکده پزشکی، واحد علوم پزشکی ، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران

چکیده

هدف پژوهش حاضر بررسی اثربخشی آموزش مدل پرما سلیگمن بر بهزیستی ذهنی، کیفیت و جهت‌گیری زندگی تک‌والد مادر بود. روش تحقیق از نظر هدف کاربردی و به لحاظ روش گردآوری نیمه‌آزمایشی با طرح پیش‌آزمون و پس‌آزمون با گروه آزمایش و کنترل بود. جامعه آماری این تحقیق شامل تمامی زنان سرپرست خانوار (تک‌والد مادر که به دلیل طلاق، سرپرستی خانواده را بر عهده دارد) مراکز مشاوره منطقه 5 شهر تهران در سال 1399 بود. نمونه پژوهش شامل 36 تک‌والد مادر بود که به شیوه در دسترس گزینش شد و به‌صورت تصادفی در دو گروه آزمایش (18 نفر) و کنترل (18 نفر) همتا شد. ابزار پژوهش شامل پرسشنامه‌های بهزیستی ذهنی (کییز و ماگیارمو، 2003)، فرم کوتاه کیفیت زندگی سازمان بهداشت جهانی (1994) و جهت‌گیری زندگی (شییر و کارور، 1994) بود. آزمودنی‌های گروه آزمایش طی 10‌ جلسه 90‌ دقیقه‌ای تحت برنامه آموزش مدل پرما قرار گرفتند ولی گروه کنترل هیچ آموزشی دریافت نکردند. تجزیه‌وتحلیل داده‌ها با استفاده از آزمون کوواریانس و نرم‌افزار SPSS انجام گرفت. نتایج پژوهش نشان داد که آموزش مدل پرما بر بهزیستی ذهنی، کیفیت زندگی و جهت‌گیری زندگی تک‌والد مادر تأثیر دارد. بنابراین می‌توان استنباط کرد که آموزش مدل پرما، بهزیستی ذهنی تک‌والد مادر را افزایش داده، کیفیت زندگی و جهت‌گیری زندگی آنان را بهبود بخشیده است. ازاین‌رو با توجه به نتایج فوق می‌توان نتیجه گرفت که تمرینات پرما با تأکید و تمرکز بر پنج مؤلفه هیجانات مثبت، مجذوبیت، معنا، روابط مثبت و دستاورد بر مؤلفه‌های مزبور مؤثر واقع گردیده است.
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کلیدواژه‌ها

مدل پرما سلیگمن؛ بهزیستی ذهنی؛ کیفیت زندگی؛ جهت‌گیری زندگی؛ تک‌والد مادر

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