عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد کینوا (Chenopodium quinoa Willd) در واکنش به تراکم های مختلف کاشت

اکوفیزیولوژی گیاهان زراعی

دوره 15، 4 (60) زمستان، بهمن 1400، صفحه 593-608   

نوع مقاله: علمی پژوهشی

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.30495/jcep.2022.689808

نویسندگان

محمدرضا واحدی¹؛ عنایت الله توحیدی نژاد^{* 2}؛ امین پسندی پور²

¹دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد زراعت، دانشگاه شهید باهنر کرمان، کرمان، ایران

²گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشگاه شهید باهنر کرمان، کرمان، ایران

چکیده

تاثیر تراکم­ های مختلف کاشت بر عملکرد و برخی شاخص­ های رشد کینوا (رقم Titicaca)، آزمایشی به صورت فاکتوریل و در قالب طرح بلوک­ های کامل تصادفی در مزرعه تحقیقاتی مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی جنوب استان کرمان در سال 1398 بررسی شد. دو فاصله کاشت بین ردیف (30 و 50 سانتی ­متر) به­ عنوان فاکتور اول و چهار فاصله کاشت روی ردیف شامل 5، 10، 15 و 20 سانتی­ متر به عنوان فاکتور دوم مورد بررسی قرار گرفتند. افزایش فاصله روی ردیف بین ردیف کاشت منجر به کاهش معنی­ دار سرعت رشد محصول گردید. به گونه ­ای که، کمترین مقدار شاخص رشد محصول در هر دو فاصله بین ردیف و روی ردیف 20 سانتی­ متر به ­دست آمد. کمترین عملکرد دانه ( 225/76  گرم در متر مربع) مربوط به تیمار فاصله بین ردیف 50 سانتی­ متر و روی ردیف 20 سانتی­ متر حاصل شد و کاهش فاصله روی ردیف کاشت تا 10 سانتی ­متر منجر به افزایش معنی­ دار عملکرد دانه گردید. این در حالی بود که در فاصله بین ردیف 30 سانتی ­متر، بین فواصل روی ردیف کاشت از لحاظ عملکرد دانه اختلاف معنی ­داری وجود نداشت و بیشترین مقدار آن نیز از فاصله روی ردیف 20 سانتی ­متر با میانگین 386/36 گرم در متر مربع به ­دست آمد. به ­طورکلی، فاصله بین ردیف کاشت 30 سانتی­ متر با فاصله روی ردیف 15 و 20 سانتی ­متر برای دست یابی به بیشترین عملکرد دانه در واحد سطح و همچنین وزن هزار دانه بیشتر، برای کاشت کینوا در منطقه مورد این پژوهش مناسب به نظر می ­رسد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

سرعت رشد محصول؛ شاخص سطح برگ؛ فاصله بین ردیف؛ فاصله روی ردیف

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