تأثیر سطوح مختلف اسید ایندول-3-بوتیریک و اسید نفتالن استیک بر ریشه‌زایی قلمه‌ شاخه‌ی زیتون رقم ماری (Olea europaea cv. Mari)

فیزیولوژی محیطی گیاهی

دوره 18، شماره 71، مهر 1402، صفحه 125-137   

نوع مقاله: پژوهشی

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.30495/iper.2022.1929388.1700

نویسندگان

بهزاد کاویانی^{* 1}؛ محمد رضا صفری مطلق²؛ اصغر حسنخواه¹؛ علیرضا اسلامی¹

¹گروه باغبانی، واحد رشت، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، رشت، ایران،

²گروه گیاه‌پزشکی، واحد رشت، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، رشت، ایران.

چکیده

زیتون (Olea europaea) گونه­ای درختی است که دانه­رست آن رشد کندی دارد و تکثیر از طریق بذر، زمان­بر است و احتمال تغییرات ژنتیکی را افزایش می­دهد. مناسب­ترین روش تکثیر زیتون، استفاده از قلمه­ی شاخه می­باشد؛ با این وجود قلمه­ی نیمه­خشبی زیتون، سخت ریشه­زا است. هدف از پژوهش حاضر، استفاده از غلظت­های 2، 3 و 4 ­گرم بر لیتر اسید ایندول-3-بوتیریک (IBA) و اسید نفتالن استیک (NAA)، به صورت انفرادی و در ترکیب با یکدیگر، برای تسهیل ریشه‌زایی قلمه­ی شاخه­ی زیتون رقم ماری بود. بستر کاشت مورد استفاده، ماسه بود. این پژوهش به­صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار انجام شد. درصد ریشه‌زایی، تعداد ریشه، طول ریشه، وزن تر و وزن خشک ریشه اندازه­گیری شد. مطابق با نتایج این آزمایش، بالاترین درصد ریشه‌زایی (30/83 درصد)، بیشترین تعداد ریشه (09/17)، بالاترین طول ریشه (67/22 سانتی­متر) و بیشترین وزن خشک (30/2 گرم) ریشه در قلمه­های تیمارشده با 3 ‌گرم بر لیتر NAA همراه با 3 ‌گرم بر لیتر IBA به‌دست آمد. بیشترین وزن تر (83/4 گرم) ریشه در قلمه‌های تیمارشده با 4 ‌گرم بر لیتر NAA همراه با 3 ‌گرم بر لیتر IBA حاصل شد. پایین­ترین درصد ریشه­زایی، کمترین تعداد ریشه، پایین­ترین طول ریشه و کمترین وزن تر و خشک ریشه مربوط به  قلمه­های شاهد بود. استفاده از تیمار حاوی 3 ‌گرم بر لیتر NAA همراه با 3 ‌گرم بر لیتر IBA برای ریشه‌زایی بهینه‌ی قلمه‌ی ساقه‌ی زیتون توصیه می‌شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

اکسین؛ تنظیم‌کننده‌های رشد گیاهی؛ درختان میوه؛ ریشه‌زایی؛ قلمه‌ی‌ ‌خشبی

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