Degradation of Chloridazon in an aqueous environment using TiO2/Ag as a synthesized nano photocatalyst using central composite design

Journal of Nanoanalysis

دوره 9، شماره 2، تیر 2022، صفحه 123-136   

نوع مقاله: Original Research Paper

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22034/jna.2022.1934052.1262

نویسندگان

Maysam Abdolkarimi¹؛ Fariba Soleimani²؛ Aref Shokri^{* 3}

¹Department of Chemical Engineering, Tafresh University, Tafresh, Iran.

²Department of chemistry, Isfahan, Islamic Azad University

³Department of chemistry, Faculty of Science, Payamenoor University, Tehran, Iran.

چکیده

In this study, TiO2/Ag nano photocatalyst was synthesized by sol-gel method and used for degradation of Chloridazon (CLZ) in aqueous media. The prepared catalyst was characterized using powder X-ray diffractometry (XRD), Fourier transform infra-red (FTIR), and field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) techniques. The Crystallite size of pure TiO2 and Ag/TiO2 nanoparticles was 20 and 60 nm, respectively. The Central Composite Design (CCD) was employed for experimental design and statistical analysis of independent operational parameters. According to the results of Response Surface Methodology (RSM) plots of Design-Expert software, the optimal conditions for each critical variable were as the follows: time at 113 min, pH at 6.8, initial concentration of CLZ at 40 mg/l, and catalyst concentration at 0.83gr/l. The maximum effectiveness in the experimental and predicted CLZ removal was 94.2 and 93.5%, respectively. The outcomes of Analysis of variance (ANOVA) demonstrated high determination coefficient quantities (R2 = 0.9997, Predicted R2=0.9989, and Adjusted R2=0.9994) which validated the reliability of the second-order regression model.

کلیدواژه‌ها

Chloridazon؛ TiO2/Ag nano photocatalyst؛ Photocatalytic degradation؛ Central Composite Design (CCD)؛ Batch photo reactor