سنجش کیفیت فضاهای شهری با رویکرد عدالت جنسیتی در کلانشهرها، مطالعه موردی: کلانشهر تبریز

فصلنامه علمی و پژوهشی نگرش های نو در جغرافیای انسانی

دوره 14، شماره 1 - شماره پیاپی 53، اسفند 1400، صفحه 45-63   

نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی استخراج ازرساله و پایان نامه

نویسندگان

احد بهشتی اصل¹؛ رضا ولیزاده^{* 2}؛ حسن احمدزاده²

¹عضو هیئت علمی گروه معماری و شهرسازی، دانشگاه فنی و حرفه‌ای، تهران، ایران

²استادیار گروه جغرافیا و برنامه ریزی شهری، واحد تبریز، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تبریز، ایران

چکیده

ﺣﻀﻮر زﻧﺎن و ﺗﺒﻴﻴﻦ ﻧﻘﺶ آﻧﺎن در ﺷﻜﻞ‌دﻫﻲ ﻓﻀﺎﻫﺎی ﺷﻬﺮی اﻣﺮوزی، ﻣﺴﺌﻠﻪ‌ای ﻣﻬﻢ و ﺣﻴﺎﺗﻲ ﻣﻲ‌ﺑﺎﺷﺪ. از ﻃﺮﻓﻲ ﻣﻮﺿﻮع ﺟﻨﺴﻴﺖ و ﻋﺪاﻟﺖ ﺟﻨﺴﻴﺘﻲ در ﻓﻀﺎﻫﺎی ﺷﻬﺮی ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻋﻲ اﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ اﻏﻠﺐ ﺑﻪ ﺣﺎﺷﻴﻪ راﻧﺪه ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ. ﻋﺪاﻟﺖ ﺟﻨﺴﻴﺘﻲ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻌﻨﺎی رﻋﺎﻳﺖ ﺗﻨﺎﺳﺐ زﻧﺎن و ﻣﺮدان در دﺳﺘﺮﺳﻲ ﺑﻪ ﻫﻤﺔ اﻣﻜﺎﻧﺎت ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮕﻲ، اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻲ و اﻗﺘﺼﺎدی اﺳﺖ ﺑﻪ ﮔﻮﻧﻪ‌ای ﻛﻪ در ﺣﻖ ﻫﻴﭻ ﻛﺪام اﺟﺤﺎﻓﻲ ﻧﺸﻮد. از اﻳﻦ رو ﻧﻮﻳﺴﻨﺪﮔﺎن ﻣﻘﺎﻟﻪ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از ﻣﺒﺎﺣﺚ ﻧﻈﺮﻳﻪ‌ای و همچنین ﻣﻬمترﻳﻦ ﺷﺎﺧﺺ‌ﻫﺎی ﻣﻄﺮح ﺷﺪه در اﻳﻦ ﺧﺼﻮص، ﻛﻴﻔﻴﺖ ﻓﻀﺎﻫﺎی ﺷﻬﺮی و رﺿﺎﻳﺖ زﻧﺎن از آنﻫﺎ را در ﻣﻨﺎﻃﻖ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﺷﻬﺮ ﺗﺒﺮﻳﺰ ﺳﻨﺠﻴﺪه‌اﻧﺪ. در اﻳﻦ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ، ﭘﺲ از ﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎﻳﻲ ﻣﻌﻴﺎرﻫﺎی ﻣﺆﺛﺮ در ﻛﻴﻔﻴﺖ زﻧﺪﮔﻲ زﻧﺎن، ﺟﻬﺖ اﺧﺘﺼﺎص اوزان ﺑﻪ ﻫﺮﻳﻚ از آنﻫﺎ، ﺑﻪ ﻣﻘﺎﻳﺴﻪ زوﺟﻲ ﻣﻌﻴﺎرﻫﺎ ﺑﻪ روش ﺳﻠﺴﻠﻪ ﻣﺮاﺗﺒﻲAHP ﭘﺮداﺧﺘﻪ ﺷﺪ. در اداﻣﻪ ﻣﻨﺎﻃﻖ ﺷﻬﺮ ﺗﺒﺮﻳﺰ ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از ﻣﺪل‌ﻫﺎی وﻳﻜﻮر و اﻟﻜﺘﺮ رﺗﺒﻪ‌ﺑﻨﺪی ﺷﺪﻧﺪ و ﺑﺮای ﺗﻠﻔﻴﻖ ﻧﺘﺎﻳﺞ ﺑﺪﺳﺖ آﻣﺪه از ﻫﺮ دو ﻣﺪل، از ﺗﻜﻨﻴﻚ ﻛﭗ‌ﻟﻨﺪ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﮔﺮدﻳﺪ ﻛﻪ ﻧﺘﺎﻳﺞ ﺑﺪﺳﺖ آﻣﺪه ﻧﺸﺎن-دﻫﻨﺪه اﻳﻦ اﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ 4 و 1 ﻛﻪ ﺟﺰو ﻣﻨﺎﻃﻖ ﺑﺎ ﻛﻴﻔﻴﺖ زﻧﺪﮔﻲ ﺑﻬﺘﺮ ﺗﺒﺮﻳﺰ ﻣﻲ‌ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ از ﻧﻈﺮ رﺿﺎﻳﺖ زﻧﺎن از ﻓﻀﺎﻫﺎی ﺷﻬﺮی ﻧﻴﺰ در رﺗﺒﻪﻫﺎی ﻧﺨﺴﺖ ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ‌اﻧﺪ و ﻣﻨﺎﻃﻖ 9 و 5 در رﺗﺒﻪ‌ﻫﺎی آﺧﺮ ﻗﺮار دارﻧﺪ و وﺿﻌﻴﺖ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺒﻲ را ﺑﻪ ﻟﺤﺎظ ﺷﺎﺧﺺﻫﺎی ﻛﻴﻔﻴﺖ ﻓﻀﺎﻫﺎی ﺷﻬﺮی و رﺿﺎﻳﺖ زﻧﺎن ﻧﺪارﻧﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮﻳﻦ اﺳﻜﺎنﻫﺎی ﻏﻴﺮرﺳﻤﻲ و ﺣﺎﺷﻴﻪﻧﺸﻴﻨﻲ در اﻳﻦ ﻣﻨﺎﻃﻖ ﻣﺴﺘﻘﺮ ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ و ﺑﺎﻧﻮاﻧﻲ ﻛﻪ در اﻳﻦ ﻣﻨﺎﻃﻖ ﺣﺎﺷﻴﻪای ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪاﻧﺪ ﻛﻤﺘﺮﻳﻦ رﺿﺎﻳﺖ را از ﺧﺪﻣﺎت و ﻓﻀﺎﻫﺎی ﺷﻬﺮی دارﻧﺪ.

کلیدواژه‌ها

کیفیت زندگی؛ عدالت جنسیتی؛ فضاهای شهری؛ کلانشهر تبریز

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