تاثیر کاربرد زئولیت و میکوریزا بر ویژگی های فیزیولوژیکی، عملکرد، اجزای عملکرد سویا و تجمع سرب در خاک آلوده به سرب

اکوفیزیولوژی گیاهان زراعی

دوره 16، 2 (62) تابستان، مرداد 1401، صفحه 217-240   

نوع مقاله: علمی پژوهشی

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.30495/JCEP.2022.1918977.1752

نویسندگان

زیور حیدرپور صارمی¹؛ ماشااله دانشور^{* 2}؛ امیدعلی اکبرپور³؛ افسانه عالی نژادیان بیدآبادی⁴

¹دانشجوی دکتری، گروه زارعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه لرستان، خرم آباد، ایران

²استادیار گروه زارعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه لرستان، خرم آباد، ایران

³استادیار گروه زارعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه لرستان، خرم‌آباد، ایران

⁴استادیار گروه آموزشی مهندسی کشاورزی خاک‌شناسی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه لرستان، خرم‌آباد، ایران

چکیده

از مهم‌ترین آلاینده­ های محیط زیست می­ توان به عنصر سرب اشاره کرد که بر جذب عناصر غذایی در گیاه تاثیرگذار است. تحقیق حاضر به­ منظور بررسی اثر زئولیت و میکوریزا بر خصوصیات کمّی و کیفی گیاه سویا در خاک آلوده به سرب در گلخانه تحقیقاتی دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه لرستان به انجام رسید. آزمایش به­ صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی در سه تکرار به اجرا درآمد. عامل­ ها شامل میکوریزا در دو سطح (شاهد و تلقیح با میکوریزا (گونه گلوموس)) و زئولیت در سه سطح (صفر، پنج و ده درصد وزنی) بودند. خاک تمام گلدان­ ها با غلظت 200 میلی­ گرم بر کیلوگرم نیترات سرب آلوده شد. نتایج تحقیق نشان داد به­ جز ارتفاع بوته، تعداد دانه در غلاف، تعداد غلاف در بوته و تعداد شاخه فرعی که تحت تأثیر اثرات اصلی میکوریزا و زئولیت قرار گرفتند، در بقیه صفات اثرات متقابل آنها معنی ­دار بود. کاربرد زئولیت10% به همراه تلقیح با میکوریزا موجب بهبود شاخص سطح برگ (84%)، فعالیت کاتالاز (150%)، سوپراکسید دیسموتاز (220%)، وزن هزار دانه (51%)، عملکرد دانه (94%)، عملکرد بیولوژیک (51%) و شاخص برداشت (34%) و کاهش تجمع سرب در ریشه (43%) و اندام هوایی (44%)، فاکتور انتقال (75%) و تجمع زیستی در ریشه (43%) و اندام هوایی (43%) شد. بالاترین عملکرد دانه (3609 کیلوگرم در هکتار) و عملکرد بیولوژیک (9026 کیلوگرم در هکتار) از استفاده هم‌زمان از میکوریزا و زئولیت 10% به ­دست آمد. به‌طورکلی، کاربرد میکوریزا و زئولیت علاوه بر کاهش تأثیرات فلزات سنگین موجود در خاک و بهبود عملکرد کمّی و کیفی تولیدی می ­تواند در گیاه‌پالایی فلزات سنگین مؤثر باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

دانه روغنی؛ رشد؛ فاکتور انتقال؛ کاتالاز؛ گیاه‌پالایی

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