Assess Effect of Copper Foliar Application at Different Growth Stages on Protein Yield and Crop Production of Cowpea under Warm and Dry Climate Condition

Journal of Crop Nutrition Science

دوره 7، شماره 4، اسفند 2021، صفحه 23-31   

نویسندگان

Shahram Ashabi¹؛ Mohamad Reza Dadnia^{* 2}

¹Msc. Graduated, Department of Agronomy, Ahvaz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ahvaz, Iran.

²Assistant Professor, Department of Agronomy, Ahvaz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ahvaz, Iran.

چکیده

BACKGROUND: Mineral fertilizers played a great role towards improving crop yields but main constraint in achieving proven crop potential is imbalanced use of fertilizers, particularly low use of microelements like copper as compared to N.
OBJECTIVES: This research was consisted to determine effect of different concentration and stage of foliar application of Copper on qualitative traits of Cowpea.
METHODS: This research was carried out via factorial experiment based on randomized complete blocks design with three replications along 2017 year. The treatments included different concentration of Copper foliar application (a₁: none use of copper or control, a₂: 150 gr.ha^-1, a₃: 300 gr.ha^-1, a₄: 450 gr.ha^-1) and Copper foliar application at different growth stage (b₁: apply at vegetative stage, b₂: beginning of flowering stage, b₃: beginning of pod formation).
RESULT: According result of analysis of variance effect of different concentration and growth stage of foliar application of Copper (instead copper percentage) on all measured traits was significant but interaction effect of treatments was not significant (instead seed yield). Evaluation mean comparison result revealed the maximum plant height (157.14 cm), seed yield (211.61 gr.m^-2), protein percentage (31.56%), protein yield (66.59 gr.m^-2) and Copper percentage (21.29%) was noted for 300 gr.ha^-1 Copper (Also it doesn’t have significant difference with 150 gr.ha^-1 Copper) and minimum of mentioned traits belonged to control treatment. Between different growths stage of foliar application of Copper the maximum amount of studied characteristics was observed in vegetative stage and the lowest ones was found in beginning of pod formation.
CONCLUSION: It is recommended to farmers due to compliance with environmental aspects and less consumption of chemical inputs to use 150 gr.ha^-1 of copper foliar application in the vegetative stage.

کلیدواژه‌ها

Black-eyed pea؛ Legume؛ Micro elements؛ Plant height؛ Qualitative trait

مراجع

Abd El-Wahab, M. A. 2008. Effect of some trace elements on growth, yield and chemical constituents of trachyspermum ammi L. (AJOWAN) plants under Sinai conditions. Res. J. Agric. Biol. Sci. 4(6): 717-724.

Agaalipour, E., F. Farahvash, B. Mirshekari. and A. Eivazi. 2012. Effect of Urea, Yashil and Nitragin fertilizers on yield and its components of Cowpea. J. Crop EcoPhysiol. 6(23(3)): 235-248.

Aminifar, J., M. Ramroudi, M. Galavi. and G. Mohsenabadi. 2017. Advantage of Sesame and Cowpea intercrops in different fertilizer application systems. J. Crop EcoPhysiol. 10(40(4)): 1039-1054. (Abstract in English)

Bremner, J. M. and G. A. Breitenbeck. 1983. A simple method for determination of ammonium in semi micro Kjeldahl analysis of soils and plant materials using a block digester. Soil Sci. Plant Anal. 14: 905-913.

Divyashree, K. S., S. S. Prakash, S. B. Yogananda. and N. Chandrappa. 2018. Seed yield and nutrient content of Mungbean and soil nutrient status as influenced by application of micronutrients mixture in a Alfisol. Intl. J. Current Microbiol. Appl. Sci. 7(9): 1706-1713.

Dobermann, A. and T. Fairhurst. 2000. Rice: Nutrient disorders and nutrient management IRRI, Potash and Phosphate Institute/Potash and Phosphate Institute of Canada. 192 p.

Hosseinpour, A., Kh. Mahalleh, M. Roshdi. and N. Alinezhad. 2015. Evaluation of micronutrient application method and irrigation stopping on yield and yield component of grain Corn in Urmia (North-West of Iran). Adv. Environ. Biol. 9(24): 431-437.

Hussain, M. Z., N. Rehman, M. A. Khan. and S. R. A. Roohullah. 2006. Micronutrients status of Bannu basen soils. Sarhad J. Agri. 22: 283-285.

Karamanos, R. E., Q. Omarenski, T. B. Goh. and N. A. Flore. 2004. The effect of foliar copper application on grain yield and quality of wheat. Can. J. Pl. Sci. 84: 47-56.

Khalaj, H., M. Baradarn Firouzabadi. and M. Delfani. 2020. Effect of Nano Iron and Magnesium chelate fertilizers on growth and grain yield of Vigna sinensis L. J. Plant Proc. Func. 9(35): 161-177. (Abstract in English)

Lotfi, B., F. Fotohi, S. Siadat. and M. Sadeghi. 2018. The effect of using chemical nitrogen fertilizer and biological fertilizer on seed yield and protein percent of Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L.). J. Crop Ecophysiology. 12(45(1)): 123-138.

Mohamed, A. E. and G.M. Taha. 2003. Levels of trace elements in different varieties of wheat determined by atomic absorption spectroscopy. Arabian J. Sci. Eng. 28: 163-171.

Ozcan, M. M., A. Bagci, N. Dursun, S. Gezgin, M. Hamurcu, Z. Dumlupınar. and N. Uslu. 2017. Macro and micro element contents of several oat (Avena sativa L.) genotype and variety grains. Iran. J. Chem. Chem. Eng. 36(3): 73-79.

Rafi'i Shirvan, M. and M. Asghari Pour. 2008. Performance response of morphological characteristics of some mung bean genotypes to drought stress. 1^St Intl. Conf. Water Crisis, Zabol, Zabol Univ. Hamoon Intl. Wetlands Research Institute. 61-50.

Sarbandi, H. and H. Madani. 2014. Response yield and yield component of Chickpea to foliar application of micronutrients. Tech. J. Eng. Appl. Sci. 4(1): 18-22.

Sharif, A. T., A. H. M. Z. Ali and M. K. Rahman. 2019. Effects of Copper and vermicomposting on growth and yield of Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L.) Walp and nutrient accumulation in its Fruits. J. Biodivers. Conserv. Bioresour. Manag. 5(2): 13-18. In: Mordtvedt, J. J., F. R. Cox, L. M. Shuman. and R. M. Welch. 1991. Micronutrients in Agriculture. SSS of America, Madison, Wisconsin, USA. pp. 280-339.

Usman Ali, A., Gh. Sarwar, M. Aftab. and Sh. Muhammad. 2016. Effect of soil and foliar applied Copper on growth and yield of Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Pakistan J. Agric. Res. 29(1): 35-42.

Zahedi, S., F. Rasoli. and G. Gohari. 2018. The effect of potassium on the yield and concentrations of microelements in Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L. Walp.) under drought stress. J. Iranian Plant Eco-Physiol. Res. 12(48): 25-34. (Abstract in English)