A New Design for Active Isolation of Patient's Compartment from Ambulance Body using the Adaptive Control Method

ADMT Journal

دوره 15، شماره 3، آذر 2022، صفحه 11-26   

نوع مقاله: Review Articles

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.30486/admt.2022.1942823.1319

نویسندگان

Aliasghar Meraji؛ Saied Mahjoub Moghadas^*

Department of Mechanical Engineering, Imam Hossein Comprehensive University, Iran

چکیده

Vertical vibrations in the ambulance patient compartment due to road disturbances can cause serious injury to patients. In the present study, after extracting the vibrations entering an ambulance with passive suspension system, the use of a new active vibration isolation system between the patient's Compartment and the ambulance body is proposed. This isolation system includes an air spring, a linear shaft motor and a suitable active controller, which is abbreviated as AVI system. In this paper, instead of using one AVI system to control the vibrations of the stretcher, four AVI systems are used to control the vibrations of the patient's Compartment. The accurate modelling for ambulance with passive suspension system in both types non-isolated and active isolated patient's Compartment has been done by SOLIDWORKS software. Then by extracting the mathematical model, differential equations and state space model, the comparison of both types was done using MATLAB-SIMULINK software and finally the results were optimized using the Model Reference Adaptive Control (MRAC). In this control method, the functional parameters automatically adapt themselves by changing the position of the centre of gravity. The results obtained according to the IS02631 standard, show that with the present method, vertical vibrations are reduced by more than 80%.

کلیدواژه‌ها

Active Vibration Isolator؛ Adaptive Control؛ Ambulance Suspension System؛ IS0 2631 Standard؛ Patient's Compartment

مراجع

• Chung, T. N., Kim, S. W., Cho, Y. S., Chung, S. P., Park, I., and Kim, S. H., Effect of Vehicle Speed on The Quality of Closed-Chest Compression During Ambulance Transport, Resuscitation, Vol. 81, No. 7, 2010, pp. 841-847.
• Browning, J., Walding, D., Klasen, J., and David, Y., Vibration Issues of Neonatal Incubators During in-Hospital Transport, Journal of Clinical Engineering, 2008, pp.74-77.
• Blaxter, L., Yeo, M., McNally, D., Crowe, J., Henry, C., Hill, S., Mansfield, N., Leslie, A., and Sharkey, D., Neonatal Head and Torso Vibration Exposure During Inter-Hospital Transfer, Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part H: Journal of Engineering in Medicine, Vol. 231, No. 2, 2017, pp. 99–113, doi: 10.1177/0954411916680235.
• Karlsson, B. M., Lindkvist, M., Lindkvist, M., Karlsson, M., Lundström, R., Håkansson, S., Wiklund, U., and Van den Berg, J., Sound and Vibration: Effects on Infants’ Heart Rate and Heart Rate Variability During Neonatal Transport, Acta paediatrica, 2012, doi:10.1111/j.1651-2227.2011.02472.x.
• Shintani, M., Hirai, Y., Ogawa, Y., Study on Two-Dimensional Base-Isolating Device for Sick Person's Bed in Ambulance, In 2012 Proceedings of SICE Annual Conference (SICE), 2012, pp. 225-231, IEEE.
• Abd-El-Tawwab, A. M., Ambulance Stretcher with Active Control Isolator System, Journal of Low Frequency Noise, Vibration and Active Control, Vol. 20, No. 4, 2001, pp. 217-27.
• Chae, H. D., Choi, S. B., A New Vibration Isolation Bed Stage with Magnetorheological Dampers for Ambulance Vehicles, Smart Materials and Structures, Vol. 24, No. 1, 2014, pp. 017001.
• Henderson, R. J., Raine, J. K., A Two-Degree-of-Freedom Ambulance Stretcher Suspension, Part 2: Simulation of System Performance with Capillary and Orifice Pneumatic Damping, Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part D: Journal of Automobile Engineering, Vol. 212, No. 3, 1998, pp. 227-40.
• Raemaekers, A., Active Vibration Isolator Design for Ambulance Patients, Eindhoven: Eindhoven University of Technology, 2009.
• Fu, N., Wenjuan, W., Jinggong, S., Xudong, R., Chen, S., Lingshuai, M., and Hongyan, J., Experimental Investigation of An Ambulance Stretcher Suspension Using Spring and Metal Rubber Structure, In The 22nd International Congress on Sound and Vibration, Florence, Italy 2015.
• Chae, H. D., Choi, S. B., A New Vibration Isolation Bed Stage with Magnetorheological Dampers for Ambulance Vehicles, Smart Materials and Structures, Vol. 24, No. 1, 2014, pp. 017001.
• Qi, H., Zhang, N., Chen, Y., and Tan, B., A Comprehensive Tune of Coupled Roll and Lateral Dynamics and Parameter Sensitivity Study for A Vehicle Fitted with Hydraulically Interconnected Suspension System, Proceedings of The Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part D: Journal of Automobile Engineering, 2021, doi: 10.1177/0954407020944287.
• Fialho, I., Balas, G. J., Road Adaptive Active Suspension Design Using Linear Parameter-Varying Gain-Scheduling, IEEE Transactions on Control Systems Technology, Vol. 10, No. 1, 2002, pp. 43-54.
• Nguyen, A. T., Rafaq, M. S., Choi, H. H., Jung, J. W., A Model Reference Adaptive Control Based Speed Controller for A Surface-Mounted Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor Drive, IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, Vol. 65, No. 12, 2018, pp. 9399-409.
• Amiri, M. S., Ramli, R., and Ibrahim, M. F., Initialized Model Reference Adaptive Control for Lower Limb Exoskeleton, IEEE Access, Vol. 7, 2019, pp. 167210-20.
• Vargas-Martínez, A., Garza-Castañón, L. E., Puig, V., and Morales-Menéndez, R., Robust MRAC-Based Fault Tolerant Control for Additive and Multiplicative Faults in Nonlinear Systems, IFAC Proceedings Volumes, Vol. 45, No. 20, 2012, pp. 540-5.
• Nair, A. P., Selvaganesan, N., and Lalithambika, V. R., Lyapunov Based PD/PID in Model Reference Adaptive Control for Satellite Launch Vehicle Systems, Aerospace Science and Technology, Vol. 51, 2016, pp. 70-7.